sergeogrИзвестия Российской академии наук. Серия географическаяIzvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya2587-55662658-697510.31857/S2587556620040123sergeogr-1135Research ArticleПриродные процессы и динамика геосистемNatural Processes and Dynamics of GeosystemsДинамика мангровых лесов дельты Меконга (Вьетнам) с 1988 по 2018 годDynamics of Mangrove Forests of the Mekong Delta (Vietnam) from 1988 to 2018ТонШонTonSon

Каолань, ВьетнамМосква, Россия

Kaolan, VietnamMoscow, Russia

ДобрынинД. В.DobryninD. V.

Москва

Moscow

МокиевскийВ. О.MokievskyV. O.

Москва

Moscow

vadim@ocean.ruУниверситет Донг Хап; МФТИ ФАКИВьетнамDong Thap University; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)Viet NamЦентр морских исследований МГУ имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияMarine Research Center, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАНРоссияShirshov Institute of Oceanology RASRussian Federation202005112020844530–540Copyright © Тон Ш., Добрынин Д.В., Мокиевский В.О., 20202020Тон Ш., Добрынин Д.В., Мокиевский В.О.Ton S., Dobrynin D.V., Mokievsky V.O.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1135

Динамика площади мангровой растительности в семи провинциях дельты Меконга (Вьетнам) оценена за период с 1988 по 2018 г. Для анализа использованы данные дистанционного зондирования, полученные с помощью космических программ Landsat-4 (1988–1989) и Landsat-8 (2017–2018), результаты изучения видимого (0.53–0.60 мкм), ближнего инфракрасного (0.53–0.60 мкм) и коротковолнового инфракрасного (0.53–0.60 мкм) спектральных диапазонов. Общая площадь мангровой растительности по данным съемки 1988 г. была равна 111.01 тыс. га, к 2018 г. она сократилась на треть – до 75.80 тыс. га. Суммарные потери составили 35.21 тыс. га, а скорость деградации мангровой растительности – около 1% в год в среднем за 30 лет. С учетом территориального перераспределения мангровой растительности за это время, ненарушенные участки леса, сохранившиеся в прежних границах, имеют площадь 36.4 тыс. га. Основными выявленными причинами сокращения мангровой растительности явились ее замещение прудами аквакультуры и абразия берегов.

The dynamics of the mangrove vegetation area in seven provinces of the Mekong Delta was estimated for the period from 1988 to 2018. For analysis, we used remote sensing data obtained by Landsat satellites (Landsat4 for 1988–1989 and Landsat-8 for 2017–2018). When processing satellite images, the results of the visible (0.53–0.60 μm), near-infrared (0.53–0.60 μm) and short-wave infrared (0.53–0.60 μm) spectral ranges were used. According to the 1988 survey, the mangroves’ area in seven provinces of the Mekong Delta was 111.01 thousand ha; by 2018, the mangroves’ area was reduced by a third–to 75.8 thousand ha. The extinction rate of mangroves over a thirty-year period was about 1% per year. Given the territorial redistribution of mangrove vegetation during this time, the undisturbed sections of the mangrove forest that remained in their former borders had an area of 36.4 thousand ha. The main reasons for the reduction of mangrove vegetation were the replacement of mangroves with aquaculture ponds and coastal abrasion.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.