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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556621060145</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1470</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Территориальная организация общества</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Territorial Organization of Society</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние COVID-19 на авиаподвижность населения в странах Европы в 2020 году</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Aviation Mobility of the Population in European Countries in 2020</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тархов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarkhov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tram.tarkhov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>85</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>804</fpage><lpage>818</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тархов С.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тархов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarkhov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1470">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1470</self-uri><abstract><p>Из-за ограничений в передвижениях людей, вызванных пандемией COVID-19, в 2020 г. уменьшился объем пассажирских перевозок на авиатранспорте. Географическое изучение этого явления весьма актуально. С транспортно-географической точки зрения описаны особенности распространения пандемии по территории Европы; выявлены различия в динамике авиационной подвижности населения 49 европейских стран (включая Россию) под ее воздействием в течение первого ковидного года. Использована статистическая информация о пассажирообороте больших и средних аэропортов стран Европы и России за 2019 и 2020 гг. Сравниваются значения суммарного пассажирооборота всех аэропортов каждой страны за эти два года. Изменения измерены абсолютно и относительно, что позволило выявить типы их динамики: катастрофический, сильный, средний, умеренный, слабый и незначительный спад. Географически распространение COVID-19 шло крайне неравномерно: сначала эпидемией были охвачены большие страны Европы (главным очагом после Уханя стала Северная Италия); затем вовлечены тесно с ними связанные соседние и более удаленные; в последнюю очередь – страны Балканского полуострова и постсоветского пространства Восточной Европы. Распространение заболевания шло иерархически. Первые заболевшие прибывали авиатранспортом сначала из главных очагов, откуда потом коронавирусная инфекция передавалась в другие страны новыми группами авиапассажиров. Пандемия привела к снижению уровня авиаподвижности населения Европы с прежних 4.3 до 1.2 поездок в год, наиболее сильному – в 20 странах, умеренному – в 14. Возник феномен иммобильности людей, т.е. есть резкое снижение уровня транспортной подвижности людей, их большая вынужденная привязанность к месту проживания, невозможность передвигаться на дальние, средние, а в некоторых случаях даже на короткие расстояния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to restrictions on the movement of people caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the volume of passenger air traffic has decreased in 2020. The geographic study of this phenomenon is highly relevant. The features of the spread of the pandemic over the territory of Europe from a transport-geographical point of view are described; differences are revealed in the dynamics of the population’s aviation mobility (the average number of trips by one resident during the year) of 49 European countries (including Russia) under its influence during the first COVID year. We used statistical information on passenger turnover at large and medium-sized airports in Europe and Russia for 2019 and 2020. The values of the total passenger turnover of all airports in each country for these two years are compared. These changes were measured absolutely and relatively, which made it possible to identify the types of their dynamics: catastrophic, strong, medium, moderate, weak, and insignificant decline. Geographically, the spread of COVID-19 was extremely uneven: at first, the epidemic covered large countries of Europe (Northern Italy became the main focus after Wuhan), then neighboring or more distant ones, closely connected with them; the last but not the least, the countries of the Balkan Peninsula and the post-Soviet space of Eastern Europe. The spread of the disease proceeded hierarchically. The first cases arrived by air, first from the main foci, from where the coronavirus infection was then transmitted to other countries by new groups of air passengers. The pandemic led to a decrease in the level of aviation mobility of the European population from the previous 4.3 to 1.2 trips per year, the strongest in 20 countries, and moderate in 14. The phenomenon of human immobility has arisen, that is, a sharp decrease in transport mobility of people, their greater forced attachment to their place of residence, the inability to move long, medium, and in some cases even short distances.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>авиатранспорт</kwd><kwd>аэропорты</kwd><kwd>пассажирские перевозки</kwd><kwd>пассажирооборот</kwd><kwd>иерархическая диффузия</kwd><kwd>авиаподвижность населения</kwd><kwd>иммобильность населения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>air transport</kwd><kwd>airports</kwd><kwd>passenger traffic</kwd><kwd>passenger turnover</kwd><kwd>hierarchical diffusion</kwd><kwd>population aviation mobility</kwd><kwd>population immobility</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено по госзаданию Института географии РАН в рамках темы 0148-2019-0008 “Проблемы и перспективы территориального развития России в условиях его неравномерности и глобальной нестабильности”.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography RAS, project no. 0148–2019–0008 “Problems and Prospects of Russia’s Territorial Development in Terms of Its Unevenness and Global Instability.”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Герасименко Т.И., Герасименко А.С. 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