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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556622010071</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1492</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проблемы деградации земель и устойчивого землепользования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Land Degradation and Sustainable Land Management</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зависимость микробиологической активности и химических характеристик почвы от топографической позиции на старопахотных участках черноземной лесостепи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карелин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цымбарович</surname><given-names>П. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petr@tsymbarovich.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт географии РАН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Специальный выпуск: Проблемы деградации земель и устойчивого землепользования</issue-title><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карелин Д.В., Цымбарович П.Р., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карелин Д.В., Цымбарович П.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Карелин Д.В., Цымбарович П.Р.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1492">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1492</self-uri><abstract><p>Необходимость автоматизации и упрощения пространственно-временного мониторинга хозяйственно важных почвенных характеристик, в частности содержания углерода интенсивно используемых земель, диктует продолжение поиска относительно простых способов их дистанционной оценки. В результате статистического анализа материалов полевых наблюдений, лабораторных экспериментов и полученных по данным дистанционного зондирования Земли из космоса цифровых моделей рельефа на модельных трансектах, заложенных на различающихся по характеру рельефа участках длительно используемых пахотных черноземов (Курская биосферная станция Института географии РАН, Курская область, Россия), обнаружены средние по силе положительные связи между крутизной склона, LS-фактором (Slope Length and Steepness factor, или фактор влияния длины и крутизны склона на эрозионную опасность) и почвенными характеристиками. Обнаруженные связи выражаются в снижении содержания ведущих биогенных элементов и соединений (углерод, азот и вода), а также в снижении присутствия и изменении активности микробиоты почвы. Вероятнее всего, это реализуется через водную эрозию и меньшую доступность воды на склонах большей крутизны. На основе полученных результатов можно говорить о применимости оцененного по данным дистанционного зондирования Земли LS-фактора для прогноза содержания углерода и других связанных с ним значимых физико-химических и биологических показателей состояния старопахотных типичных черноземов в крупном пространственном масштабе. Одновременно установлено, что полученные на основе космических снимков спектральные характеристики поверхности почвы менее применимы для этих целей, так как они зависят от условий съемки (погодные условия, приемы обработки почвы, растительный покров), а также имеют ограничения, накладываемые недостаточным разрешением доступных космических снимков.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>типичные черноземы</kwd><kwd>пашни</kwd><kwd>эрозионный потенциал рельефа</kwd><kwd>содержание углерода в почве</kwd><kwd>эмиссия СО2 из почвы</kwd><kwd>дистанционное зондирование Земли</kwd><kwd>крутизна склона</kwd><kwd>LS-factor</kwd><kwd>цифровая модель рельефа</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Анализ данных и лабораторные исследования проводились в рамках госзадания № 0148-2019-0006 Института географии РАН. 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