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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556622020066</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1533</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Территориальная организация общества</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Territorial Organization of Society</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы размещения фармацевтических предприятий на примере крупнейших фармкомпаний России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors of Pharmaceutical Enterprises Localization—the Case of the Largest Pharmaceutical Companies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kouznetsova_olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобровский</surname><given-names>Р. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrovskiy</surname><given-names>R. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rbobrovskiy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова;&#13;
Федеральный исследовательский центр “Информатика и управление” РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics;&#13;
Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова;&#13;
Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics;&#13;
Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецова О.В., Бобровский Р.О., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова О.В., Бобровский Р.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova O.V., Bobrovskiy R.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1533">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1533</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель статьи – выявление факторов размещения фармацевтических предприятий в регионах России, в том числе с точки зрения оценки возможного вклада фармацевтики в сокращение территориальных диспропорций в уровне экономического развития. Анализ факторов размещения фармацевтического производства проводится на основе обобщения зарубежных исследований по теме и составленной авторами базы данных производственных предприятий более чем 50 крупнейших фармкомпаний России (с учетом времени строительства и масштабной модернизации предприятий, принадлежности российским или иностранным собственникам). Делается вывод, что в России проявляются те же факторы размещения фармацевтических предприятий, что и за рубежом: характерно сохранение значимости исторически сложившихся центров производства, в том числе в восточных регионах страны (в силу пониженной роли для отрасли транспортного фактора), часто предпочтение отдается расширению мощностей уже действующих предприятий, а не строительству новых; новые заводы возникают на базе сложившихся центров фармацевтических исследований и/или с ориентацией на рынки сбыта крупнейших агломераций и/или в особых экономических зонах, индустриальных парках. При строительстве новых предприятий инвесторы могут стремиться как к участию в фармацевтических кластерах, так и к экономии на издержках производства, включая заработную плату, – строительству заводов в районах, не насыщенных производствами. Иностранные инвестиции приходят в основном только в западные регионы страны в силу их емкого рынка сбыта и близости к странам происхождения компаний, являющихся преимущественно европейскими. В результате действия многочисленных факторов влияние развития фармпроизводства на территориальные диспропорции неоднозначно. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the article is to identify the factors of pharmaceutical enterprises localization in the Russian regions, including from the point of view of assessing the possible contribution of pharmaceuticals to the reduction of territorial disparities in the level of economic development. The analysis of factors of pharmaceutical production localization is carried out based on the generalization of foreign studies and the database of production enterprises of more than 50 largest pharmaceutical companies in Russia compiled by the authors (taking into account the time of construction and large-scale modernization of enterprises, belonging to Russian or foreign owners). It is concluded that in Russia, the same factors of pharmaceutical enterprises localization are emerged as abroad: the remaining importance of historically developed production centers is typical, including in the eastern regions of the country (due to the lower importance of the transport factor for the industry), often, the preference is given to expanding the capacity of existing enterprises, rather than building new ones; new plants arise on the base of developed centers of pharmaceutical research and/or with a focus on the sales markets of the largest urban agglomerations and/or in special economic zones, industrial parks. When building new enterprises, investors can seek both to participate in pharmaceutical clusters and to save on production costs, including wages—by building factories in areas that are “unsaturated” with production. The main feature of foreign investment is their arrival only in the western regions of the country due to their large sales market and proximity to the countries of companies’ origin that are mainly European. As a result of the action of numerous factors, the impact of the development of pharmaceutical production on territorial disparities is ambiguous. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармацевтика</kwd><kwd>крупнейшие фармацевтические компании</kwd><kwd>иностранные инвестиции</kwd><kwd>факторы размещения</kwd><kwd>кластеры</kwd><kwd>научно-исследовательские центры</kwd><kwd>особые экономические зоны</kwd><kwd>рынки сбыта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pharmaceuticals</kwd><kwd>major pharmaceutical companies</kwd><kwd>foreign investment</kwd><kwd>localization factors</kwd><kwd>clusters</kwd><kwd>research centers</kwd><kwd>special economic zones</kwd><kwd>sales markets</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова Е.А., Иванова В.И., Кузнецова М.Ю. 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