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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556622030037</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1577</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Российская общественная география в начале XXI века: исследуя новые процессы, используя новые возможности</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian Human Geography of the Early 21st Century: Studying New Processes and Using New Opportunities</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследования городской системы и агломераций в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Studies of the Urban System and Agglomerations in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonov@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куричев</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurichev</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkurichev@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трейвиш</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Treivish</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trene12@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии, РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии, РАН; Национальный исследовательский университет Высшая школа экономики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences; HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>310</fpage><lpage>331</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антонов Е.В., Куричев Н.К., Трейвиш А.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антонов Е.В., Куричев Н.К., Трейвиш А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonov E.V., Kurichev N.K., Treivish A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1577">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1577</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья носит обзорный характер и посвящена тенденциям последнего десятилетия в развитии и изучении городской системы России, ее крупнейших агломераций, особенно Московской. Отмечены особенности сети городов страны на мировом фоне и ключевые особенности, сдвиги в сети городов, включая продолжающийся процесс концентрации населения в крупнейших городах и городских агломерациях при деградации нижних уровней городской системы – малых городов и поселков городского типа. Причины этих процессов связаны как с естественным и особенно механическим движением населения, так и с административными решениями: расширением крупных городов, ликвидацией поселков городского типа и др. Показаны различия между регионами России по количеству и размерам городских населенных пунктов, а также направления дрейфа демографических центров. Обзор исследований, посвященных агломерациям, обнаружил их преемственность с советскими. Основные выводы по динамике развития городских агломераций соответствуют полученным ранее – рост крупнейших агломераций, прежде всего агломераций Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга, продолжается, а демографический ресурс для подпитки менее крупных агломераций постепенно сокращается: они растут медленнее или даже уменьшаются в размерах. Ключевым механизмом трансформации остается механическое движение, во многом обусловленное сильнейшей поляризацией состояния рынка труда между центрами городских агломераций, их поясами и внеагломерационной периферией, что инициирует масштабные возвратные трудовые миграции и переселенческие миграции. На этом фоне все более заметно выделяется Московская столичная агломерация, перерастающая в ядро формирующегося Центрально-Российского мегалополиса. Непосредственное воздействие столичных рынков труда и жилья и связанных с ними миграций охватывает Центральную и Южную Россию, а косвенное влияние ощущается во всей стране. Рост доли и роли Московской столичной агломерации в системе расселения определяет комплекс факторов, закрепивших ее образ “земли возможностей”: столичная рента, централизация экономических и политических решений, агломерационный эффект, концентрация лучшего человеческого капитала, поляризация рынка труда и карьерных возможностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is a research overview and is devoted to the trends of the last decade in the development and study of the urban system of Russia, its largest agglomerations, especially Moscow. The features of the country’s urban network against the global background and key shifts in it are noted, including the ongoing process of population concentration in the largest cities and agglomerations with the degradation of the lower levels of the urban system–small towns and urban-type settlements. The reasons for these processes are connected both with the movement of the population, natural and especially mechanical, and with administrative decisions: the expansion of large cities, the liquidation of urban-type settlements, etc. The differences between the regions of Russia in the number and size of urban settlements, as well as the direction of drift of demographic centers are shown. A review of studies on agglomerations found their continuity with the Soviet ones. The main conclusions on the dynamics of the development of agglomerations correspond to those obtained earlier (the growth of the largest, primarily Moscow and St. Petersburg) continues. The demographic resource for feeding smaller agglomerations is gradually decreasing: they grow more slowly or even decrease in size. The key mechanism of transformation remains mechanical movement, largely due to the strong polarization of the labor market between the centers of agglomerations, their belts, and the non-agglomeration periphery. It initiates large-scale return labor and permanent migration. Against this background, the Moscow agglomeration stands out more and more noticeably, growing into the core of the emerging Central Russian megalopolis. The direct impact of the capital’s labor and housing markets and related migrations covers Central and Southern Russia, while the indirect impact is felt throughout the country. The growth of the share and role of agglomeration in the settlement system determines a set of factors that have consolidated its image of the “land of opportunities”: capital rent, centralization of economic and political decisions, agglomeration effect, concentration of the best human capital, polarization of the labor market and career opportunities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>города России</kwd><kwd>городская структура</kwd><kwd>городские агломерации</kwd><kwd>делимитация</kwd><kwd>маятниковые миграции</kwd><kwd>московская столичная агломерация</kwd><kwd>мегалополис</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian cities</kwd><kwd>urban structure</kwd><kwd>urban agglomerations</kwd><kwd>delimitation</kwd><kwd>commuting</kwd><kwd>Moscow metropolitan agglomeration</kwd><kwd>megalopolis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках темы государственного задания Института географии РАН ААААА19-119022190170-1 (FMGE-2019-0008)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences AAAA-А19119022190170-1 (FMGE-2019-0008)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аверкиева К.В., Антонов Е.В., Денисов Е.А., Фаддеев А.М. 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