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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556622040094</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1579</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Территориальная организация общества</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Territorial Organization of Society</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономическое развитие как вызов для “государств де-факто”: постконфликтная динамика и видение перспектив в Южной Осетии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Development as a Challenge for “De Facto States”: Post-Conflict Dynamics and Vision of Prospects in South Ossetia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Себенцов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sebentsov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asebentsov@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриценко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gritsenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туров</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turov</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>485</fpage><lpage>502</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Себенцов А.Б., Карпенко М.С., Гриценко А.А., Туров Н.Л., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Себенцов А.Б., Карпенко М.С., Гриценко А.А., Туров Н.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sebentsov A.B., Karpenko M.S., Gritsenko A.A., Turov N.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1579">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1579</self-uri><abstract><p>Значение экономических факторов в появлении и развитии “государств де-факто” остается недостаточно изученным и дискуссионным. В статье рассматривается случай Южной Осетии, одной из шести непризнанных республик, возникших на постсоветском пространстве. На основе изучения статистических данных, вторичных источников и экспертных интервью с представителями местной власти, бизнеса и академического сообщества авторы анализируют структурные сдвиги и состояние экономики Южной Осетии, взгляды на перспективы развития в контексте государственного строительства. Показано, что в результате масштабной помощи со стороны России сформировалась структурно слабая гиперсервисная экономика, ключевые отрасли которой зависят от государственного спроса и российских инвестиций. Ограниченная экономическая самодостаточность, трансграничное расселение осетин и грузин, а также многочисленные родственные связи способствуют возникновению разнообразных трансграничных практик (челночной торговли, контрабанды, своеобразных систем расчетов), снижающих социальную напряженность. Случай Южной Осетии подтверждает, что непризнанный статус не является сам по себе препятствием для развития экономики, однако недостаток внешней легитимности ограничивает доступ к рынкам, создает трудности для финансовых и торговых транзакций. Евразийская интеграция стала скорее источником проблем для этой республики, создав труднопреодолимые для местного бизнеса препятствия в торговле с Россией – единственной страной ЕАЭС, признающей Республику Южная Осетия качестве суверенного государства. В результате экономические проблемы служат наравне с вопросами безопасности ключевым аргументом для поддержки в Южной Осетии идеи присоединения республики к России.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The importance of economic factors in the emergence and existence of “de facto states” remains insufficiently studied and debatable. The article examines the case of the Republic of South Ossetia (RSO), one of the six unrecognized republics that emerged in the post-Soviet space. Based on the study of statistical data, secondary sources, and expert interviews with representatives of local authorities, business and the academic community, the authors analyze the structural shifts and the state of the economy of the RSO, views on the prospects of development in the context of state-building. It is shown that as a result of large-scale economic assistance from Russia, a structurally weak hyper-service economy has been formed, the key sectors of which depend on government demand and Russian investments. Limited economic self-sufficiency, trans-border settlement of Ossetians and Georgians, as well as numerous family ties contribute to the emergence of various cross-border practices (shuttle trade, smuggling, peculiar settlement systems) that reduce social tension. The case of the RSO confirms that the unrecognized status is not in itself a challenge for economic development. However, the lack of external legitimacy restricts access to markets, creates barriers for financial and trade transactions. As a result, Eurasian integration has become rather a source of problems for the RSO, creating obstacles that are difficult for local businesses to overcome in trade with Russia, the only EAEU country that recognizes the RSO as a sovereign state. As a result, RSO economic problems serve as a key argument for supporting the idea of the republic’s accession to Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государства де-факто</kwd><kwd>Южная Осетия</kwd><kwd>непризнанные государства</kwd><kwd>сепаратизм</kwd><kwd>сецессия</kwd><kwd>государственное строительство</kwd><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>de facto states</kwd><kwd>South Ossetia</kwd><kwd>unrecognized states</kwd><kwd>separatism</kwd><kwd>secession</kwd><kwd>state building</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках проекта Российского научного фонда “Постсоветские непризнанные государства: факторы жизнеспособности и риски для России” №19-17-00232. Трансграничные контрасты и градиенты были проанализированы в рамках Государственного задания Института географии РАН АААА-А19-119022190170-1 (FMGE-2019-0008). Авторы благодарят В.А. Колосова за ценные замечания и предложения, которые помогли значительно улучшить текст данной статьи, а также студентку МПГУ Н. Бирюкову за помощь в сборе первичной информации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out at the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences as part of the work on the RSF project no. 19-17-00232 “Post-Soviet Non-Recognized States: Factors of Viability and Risks for Russia.” Cross-border contrasts and gradients were analyzed within the framework of the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography RAS (no. AAAA-A19-119022190170-1 (FMGE-2019-0008)). The authors are grateful to V.A. Kolosov for valuable comments and suggestions that significantly helped to improve the article text, as well as a student of Moscow State Pedagogical University N. 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