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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556622030153</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1581</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Природные процессы и динамика геосистем</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Natural Processes and Dynamics of Geosystems</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка дыхания почв с помощью модели Райха–Хашимото: параметризация и прогноз</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of Soil Respiration with the Raich−Hashimoto Model: Parameterisation and Prediction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суховеева</surname><given-names>О. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhoveeva</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgasukhoveeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карелин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karelin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>519</fpage><lpage>527</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суховеева О.Э., Карелин Д.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суховеева О.Э., Карелин Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sukhoveeva O.E., Karelin D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1581">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1581</self-uri><abstract><p>Дыхание, или эмиссия СО2 из почвы, является наиболее мощным исходящим потоком углерода в наземных экосистемах, что выводит его точную оценку и прогноз в разряд важнейших биосферных задач. Среди множества регрессионных моделей, оценивающих дыхание почвы, нами была выбрана относительно простая и широко распространенная модель T&amp;P (Райха–Хашимото). Модель была применена для описания имеющихся многолетних рядов наблюдений за эмиссией СО2 в экосистемах южной тайги и лесостепи Европейской территории России. Объектами исследования выступали местные биотопы: луговая степь, молодая залежь и ясеневый лес на типичных черноземах в Курской области; еловый лес и участки распада елового древостоя на дерново-подзолах, а также верховое болото на торфяных болотных почвах – в Новгородской области. По результатам параметризации уровни дыхания почвы при 0оC были увеличены в 1.06–1.54 раза по сравнению с исходными значениями модели, степенные коэффициенты температурной функции – в 1.04–1.41 раза, тогда как коэффициенты зависимости от осадков были изменены для обеих природных подзон в 0.87–0.99 раза. Скорректированные версии модели показали хорошую сходимость с результатами полевых измерений. Согласно прогнозу, при сохранении современного темпа роста температуры воздуха и текущего количества осадков эмиссия СО2 из дерново-подзолов Новгородской области усилится на 1.4– 2.2% за 10 лет, тогда как дыхание типичных черноземов в Курской области увеличится на 0.3–3.8%. Модель демонстрирует хорошую пластичность применительно к зональным типам почв и конкретным экосистемам и наилучшим образом подходит для описания среднегодовых величин почвенной эмиссии СО2 как при ее многолетнем прогнозе, так и при ретроспективном анализе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Respiration or emission of CO2 from soil is the most powerful outgoing f lux of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems, which makes its accurate assessment and prediction one of the most important biospheric goals. Among the multitude of regression models evaluating soil respiration, we chose the accessible and widespread T&amp;P (Raich-Hashimoto) model, which was applied to describe the available long-term series of observations of CO2 emissions in ecosystems of the southern taiga and forest-steppe of the European part of Russia. The objects of the study were different local biotopes: meadow steppe, young fallow, and ash forest on typical chernozems of Kursk oblast, spruce forest, and its decay areas on sod-podzols, and peat bog soils in Novgorod oblast. According to the results of parameterization, the rates of soil respiration at 0оC were 1.06 to 1.54 times higher than the initial values of the Reich-Hashimoto model, the power coefficients of temperature function were 1.04 to 1.41 times greater, while the coefficients of dependence on precipitation were changed in 0.87 to 0.99 times for both geographic subzones. The corrected versions of the model showed good convergence with the results of field measurements in estimates of annual respiration rates. According to the predictions, under the current rate of increase of air temperature and the current precipitation, CO2 emissions from sod-podzols in Novgorod oblast will increase by 1.4–2.9% over 10 years, while respiration of typical chernozems in Kursk oblast will increase by 0.3–3.8%. The model shows good plasticity with respect to zonal soil types and specific ecosystems, and it is suitable for long-term forecast and retrospective analysis of annual CO2 soil efflux.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дерново-подзолы</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>обратная задача моделирования</kwd><kwd>типичные черноземы</kwd><kwd>эмиссия CO2 из почвы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sod-podzols</kwd><kwd>taiga</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>inverse modelling</kwd><kwd>typical chernozems</kwd><kwd>forest steppe</kwd><kwd>soil CO2 efflux</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Параметризация модели выполнена за счет средств гранта РНФ № 20-76-00023, измерения на Курской биосферной станции проводились в рамках темы госзадания ИГ РАН № FMGE-2019-0006, на Валдайском полигоне “лог Таежный” - темы № FMGE-2019-0007.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Parametrization of the model was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 20-76-00023; field measurements were carried out under the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography RAS no. 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