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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556622030050</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Российская общественная география в начале XXI века: исследуя новые процессы, используя новые возможности</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian Human Geography of the Early 21st Century: Studying New Processes and Using New Opportunities</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономико-географическая оценка экологических последствий трансформации отраслевой структуры хозяйства регионов и городов России в 2000–2020 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Environmental Consequences of the Transformation of the Sectoral Structure of the Economy of Russian Regions and Cities in the Post-Soviet Period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Битюкова</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bityukova</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Географический факультет</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Geography</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.r.bityukova@geogr.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>416</fpage><lpage>434</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Битюкова В.Р., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Битюкова В.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bityukova V.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1595">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1595</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается трансформация экологической обстановки в ходе постсоветских изменений хозяйственной жизни в России с позиций структурных особенностей и динамики производства промышленной продукции, ВРП и энергоемкости. Выполнена полимасштабная (страна–регионы–города) комплексная оценка трансформации экологической ситуации, обусловленной изменениями в территориальной и отраслевой структуре экономики России, ее регионов и городов. Выявлены факторы и пространственно-временные закономерности в динамике и структурных характеристиках экологической ситуации в периоды кризисов и роста экономики. На основе комплексного индекса антропогенного воздействия оценена динамика и вариативность экологической ситуации в регионах и городах России: выявлено общее снижение большинства экологических индикаторов, постепенное выравнивание региональных пропорций и усиление локализации воздействия в отдельных городах на фоне общего замедления темпов экономического роста. Показано постепенное ослабление роли промышленной специализации в формировании экологической обстановки, упрощение структуры видов воздействия внутри регионов. Наибольший уровень рассогласования тенденций экономического развития и интегрального показателя нагрузки характерен для регионов с наибольшим уровнем воздействия; наибольшая степень зависимости характерна для аграрных или агропромышленных регионов, а также для регионов, где один из ключевых источников загрязнения – топливная энергетика с преобладанием угля в структуре топливного баланса. В целом тренды изменения экологической ситуации в регионах более сглаженные, нежели в городах. Чем более диверсифицирована экономика региона, тем меньше диапазон колебания комплексного индекса антропогенного воздействия; чем более развито крупногородское расселение, тем сложнее и разнообразнее факторы региональной экологической ситуации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The transformation of the environmental situation in the course of post-Soviet changes in Russia’s economy is considered from the standpoint of structural features and dynamics of industrial production, GRP, and energy output. A multiscale (country–regions–cities) comprehensive assessment of the transformation of the environmental situation due to changes in the territorial and sectoral structure of the economy at the Russian, regional, and city levels was carried out. Factors and spatiotemporal patterns in the dynamics and structural characteristics of the environmental situation during periods of crises and economic growth are revealed. The comprehensive index of anthropogenic impact is used to assess the dynamics and variability of the environmental situation in Russian regions and cities: a general decline in most environmental indicators is identified, as well as a gradual leveling of regional shares and increased localization of the impact in individual cities versus a general slowdown in economic growth. Gradual weakening of the role of industrial specialization in the the environmental situation and simplification of the structure of types of impact within regions are shown. The highest level of discrepancy between economic development trends and the integral load indicator is typical of regions with the highest level of impact; the highest degree of dependence is typical of agrarian or agroindustrial regions, as well as of regions where one of the key sources of pollution is fuel energy production with coal predominant in the fuel balance structure. In general, the trends of changes in the environmental situation in regions are smoother than in cities. The more diversified the economy of a region, the smaller the range of fluctuations of the comprehensive index of anthropogenic impact; the more developed a largecity settlement pattern, the more complex and diverse the factors of the regional ecological situation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>регионы и города России</kwd><kwd>динамика комплексной оценки антропогенного воздействия</kwd><kwd>промышленное загрязнение</kwd><kwd>экология города</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian regions and cities</kwd><kwd>dynamics of comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic impact</kwd><kwd>industrial pollution</kwd><kwd>urban environment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках темы ГЗ географического факультета МГУ имени М.В.Ломоносова "Современная динамика и факторы социально-экономического развития регионов и городов России и стран Ближнего Зарубежья" (№121051100161-9)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was prepared under the state-ordered research theme of the Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University “Modern Dynamics and Factors of Socioeconomic Development of Regions and Cities of Russia and Countries of the Near Abroad” (no. 121051100161-9)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бакланов П.Я. 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