sergeogrИзвестия Российской академии наук. Серия географическаяIzvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya2587-55662658-697510.31857/S2587556622050089sergeogr-1651Research ArticleТерриториальная организация обществаTerritorial Organization of SocietyСохранение этнической идентичности новых меньшинств в Республике Сербской (Босния и Герцеговина)The Preservation of the Ethnic Identity of New Minorities in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina)Медар-ТаньгаИ.Medar-TanjgaI.

Баня-Лука

Banja-Luka

irena.medar-tanjga@pmf.unibl.orgДеличД.DelicD.

Баня-Лука

Banja-Luka

dragica.delic@pmf.unibl.orgУниверситет Баня-ЛукиБосния и ГерцеговинаUniversity of Banja-LukaBosnia and Herzegovina202213012023865687–696Copyright © Медар-Таньга И., Делич Д., 20232023Медар-Таньга И., Делич Д.Medar-Tanjga I., Delic D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1651

Политико-географические процессы в регионе бывшей Югославии привели к формированию новых политико-территориальных сообществ. Национальности Югославии, которые ранее жили в одной стране, в настоящее время живут в диаспоре. Таким образом, черногорцы, македонцы и словенцы в Республике Сербской (Босния и Герцеговина) из статуса конституентов (“титульных народов”) превратились в “новые национальные меньшинства”. Предмет исследования – положение новых меньшинств в Республике Сербской после распада бывшей Югославии. Данные об их численности и территориальном размещении получены на основе официальных данных последней переписи населения Республики Сербской в 2013 г. В этом контексте анализируются отношения между Республикой Сербской и “новыми национальными меньшинствами”, а также отношения последних с их “материнскими” государствами (Черногорией, Северной Македонией и Словенией). Рассматриваются разные пути (сценарии) сохранения этнической самобытности и культурного наследия новых меньшинств в Республике Сербской. Изучение черногорских, македонских и словенских этнокультурных объединений (ассоциаций), истории их формирования и развития – важное звено географических исследований сохранения этнической идентичности и элементов культурного наследия “новых национальных меньшинств” в этой части Боснии и Герцеговины. Существует социальная, политическая и научная необходимость критически подойти к этому вопросу, что имеет и большое практическое значение с точки зрения определения статуса новых меньшинств в Республике Сербской, возможностей их социокультурной адаптации к современным реалиям, сохранения их этнической самобытности и культурной идентичности.

Political-geographic processes in the former Yugoslavia region have led to the creation of new political-territorial communities. The nationalities of Yugoslavia who have lived in the same country nowadays are living in Diaspora. Thus Montenegrins, Macedonians, and Slovenians in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) from constituents have become new national minorities. The subject of the research is the position of the new minorities in the Republic of Srpska after the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia. Data on their number and territorial distribution are obtained by analyzing the last census of the population in the Republic of Srpska in 2013. It is also necessary to point to the relationship between the Republic of Srpska and the new minorities, as well as to the relations of the new minorities with their parent states. It is necessary to explore how these minority groups in the Republic of Srpska seek to preserve their ethnic identity and cultural heritage. Studying the Montenegrin, Macedonian and Slovenian associations, the history of their presence, and their association’s programs would reveal ways of preserving ethnic identity and elements of cultural heritage. There is a social, political, and scientific need to address this issue critically, to point to the status of new minorities in the Republic of Srpska, the possibility of their existence as well as the preservation of ethnic identity and elements of cultural heritage.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.