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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556623010132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-1715</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Территориальная организация общества</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Territorial Organization of Society</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Движение вверх: миграция между уровнями поселенческой иерархии в россии в 2010-е годы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moving Up: Migration between Levels of the Settlement Hierarchy in Russia in the 2010s</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мкртчян</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkrtchyan</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nmkrtchyan@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гильманов</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilmanov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики”, Институт демографии им. А.Г. Вишневского; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University, Vishnevsky Institute of Demography; Russian Presidenrial Academy of National Economy and State Service</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Росстат, Управление статистики населения и здравоохранения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Statistics Service, Department of Population and Health Statistics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мкртчян Н.В., Гильманов Р.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мкртчян Н.В., Гильманов Р.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mkrtchyan N.V., Gilmanov R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1715">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1715</self-uri><abstract><p>Впервые на российских данных за 2011–2020 гг. оценивается переток населения между семью уровнями поселенческой иерархии, представленной городами разных размеров и их пригородами, иными городскими и сельскими населенными пунктами. Для уровней иерархии рассчитаны показатели миграционного прироста (убыли) населения и показатели демографической эффективности в виде матриц. Показано, что на масштабы перетока влияют изменения в методологии учета миграции в России в 2010-е годы, а именно – “автоматическое” возвращение мигрантов к месту постоянного проживания по окончании срока регистрации по месту жительства. Бенефициарами вертикальной миграции населения являются города с населением свыше 250 тыс. жителей, в наибольшем выигрыше – агломерации Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга. Каждый следующий уровень поселенческой иерархии отдает население наверх и получает подпитку с более нижних этажей. В отличие от стран, где проводились подобные исследования (США, Канада, Нидерланды и др.), в России отсутствует переток населения сверху вниз, а восходящие потоки имеют очень высокую эффективность, особенно велика она для Москвы, Санкт-Петербурга и их пригородов. Несмотря на перемещение населения между соседними уровнями поселенческой иерархии, его демографический эффект не так велик, как в скачкообразных переселениях. Расчеты базируются на индивидуальных деперсонифицированных данных мигрантов в России, позволяющих детализировать потоки миграции до отдельных населенных пунктов. Пространственная привязка данных осуществлялась на основе 15-значных кодов Росстата, уникальных для каждого населенного пункта, что позволило анализировать миграцию не между муниципальными единицами, а между населенными пунктами, сгруппированными по размеру, а также выявить влияние особенностей учета миграции в 2010-е годы на показатели перетока населения между выделенными группами населенных пунктов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the first time on Russian data for 2011–2020 the flow of population between 7 levels of the settlement hierarchy is estimated. Levels of the settlement hierarchy are represented by cities of different population sizes and their suburbs, other urban and rural settlements. Indicators of migration icrease (decrease) of the population and indicators of demographic efficiency in the form of matrices are calculated for the hierarchy levels. It is shown that the scale of this flow is affected by changes in the system of migration registration in Russia in the 2010s, namely, the automatic return of migrants to their place of permanent residence after the end of the period of registration at the place of residence. The beneficiaries of the population “vertical migration” are cities with over 250 thous. inhabitants, the biggest winners are the urban agglomerations of Moscow and St. Petersburg. Each next settlement hierarchy level gives the population “up” and receives replenishment from the lower “layers.” In contrast to countries where similar studies were conducted (USA, Canada, the Netherlands, etc.), there is no population flow from top to bottom in Russia, and upward flows have a very high efficiency; it is especially high for Moscow, St. Petersburg, and their suburbs. Despite the population movement between neighboring settlement hierarchy levels, its demographic effect is not as great as in irregular migrations. The research calculations are based on the migrants’ individual depersonalized data, which allow detailing migration flows to individual settlements in Russia. Spatial data referencing was carried out based on 15-digit Rosstat codes unique for each settlement. This made it possible to analyze migration not between administrative units, but between settlements grouped by population size. It was also possible to identify the influence of the features of accounting for migration on the population flow between the selected groups of settlements in the 2010s.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутренняя миграция</kwd><kwd>города</kwd><kwd>населенные пункты</kwd><kwd>поселенческая иерархия</kwd><kwd>вертикальная миграция</kwd><kwd>пригороды</kwd><kwd>статистика миграции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>internal migration</kwd><kwd>settlements</kwd><kwd>urban hierarchy</kwd><kwd>moving up and down</kwd><kwd>suburbs</kwd><kwd>migration statistics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках научно-исследовательской работы государственного задания Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ. Авторы благодарят А.Э. 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