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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587556624020083</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DSVJXG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-2724</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH METHODS IN GEOGRAPHY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лесоторговое районирование России: разработка методики кластеризации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Wood Trade Regions of Russia: Clustering Approach Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицын</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Географический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nicksinus@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елютин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elutin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Географический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhail.elyutin@student.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коротков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Экономический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korotkov.andrey@geogr.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушлевич</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushlevich</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Географический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem.kushlevich@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меняльщиков</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Menyalshikov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Географический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roman.menyalschikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русаков</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusakov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Географический факультет МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d_c_rusakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>214</fpage><lpage>227</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синицын Н.А., Елютин М.С., Коротков А.С., Кушлевич А.О., Меняльщиков Р.Р., Русаков Д.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синицын Н.А., Елютин М.С., Коротков А.С., Кушлевич А.О., Меняльщиков Р.Р., Русаков Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinitsyn N.A., Elutin M.S., Korotkov A.S., Kushlevich A.O., Menyalshikov R.R., Rusakov D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/2724">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/2724</self-uri><abstract><p>Для сетевого анализа лесной отрасли России использованы данные единой государственной автоматизированной информационной системы учета древесины по торговле лесо- и пиломатериалами между отдельными предприятиями за 2020 г. Цель исследования — выделить и охарактеризовать кластеры лесной промышленности России. Разработана методика кластеризации графа, состоящая из двух шагов: сначала выполняется кластеризация алгоритмом Лейдена, затем каждый лейденский кластер кластеризируется еще раз с помощью укладки Фрюхтермана—Рейнгольда. Это позволяет решить проблему масштаба, свойственную алгоритмам на основе оптимизации модулярности. Предложен подход для снятия неопределенности результатов кластеризации недетерминированных алгоритмов. Выделенные кластеры имеют высокую замкнутость — в среднем 89% оборота их предприятий сосредоточено внутри каждого из них. Модулярность кластеризации высокая — 0.86. При нанесении кластеров на карту в разрезе населенных пунктов формируются ареалы поселений, принадлежащих одному и тому же кластеру — лесоторговые районы. Обычно они имеют хорошо читаемые границы, часто совпадающие с границами регионов. Выделены пять типов сетевых структур кластеров: вертикальная моноцентрическая, вертикальная полицентрическая, горизонтальная, дендритная и простая. Выделены три фактора формирования кластеров: производственная цепочка (лесопильная, фанерная, целлюлозная, плиточная), сбытовая цепочка (перераспределение в рамках кластера, аккумуляция для экспорта или для продажи в другой кластер, спекуляция), наличие общего собственника у группы предприятий кластера.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Network analysis of the Russian timber industry was based on the information about timber transactions between Russian companies in 2020. The data were collected from the Unified State Automated Information System Accounting Timber and Transactions with It. The method of graph clustering was developed. The first step is clustering of the hole graph by Leiden algorithm. The second step is drawing of each Leiden created cluster in abstract space using Fruchterman-Reingold layout and extraction of clusters from layout using meanshift algorithm. Such approach helped us to divide many Leiden-created clusters into components. This algorithm has a problem of resolution limit. It tends to combine some medium and small clusters into large ones. Also, a special method was developed to limit the uncertainty of clustering - both Leiden algorithm and Fruchterman-Reingold layout are non-deterministic algorithms. Wood trade clusters vary in size and content. They are rather autonomous. The average share of intra-cluster trade is 89%. The modularity score of our partition is 0.863. Each cluster has been described using open sources from the Internet. The content of the clusters does not contradict the logic of the wood industry processes. The clusters create rather compact areas on the map - wood trade regions. Their borders often overlap with existing administrative boundaries. Five types of network structure of clusters were defined: vertical monocentric, vertical polycentric, horizontal, dendritic, simple. There are three factors of clustering in wood industry of Russia: production chains (4 types - pulp, plywood, lumber, chipboard chains), demand chains (redistribution of raw material between manufacturers within the cluster, accumulation of wood volumes for some enterprises outside the cluster, wood trade between traders within the cluster), common holder. We have shown that existing approaches to cluster detection based on location quotients often misrepresent economic networks.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>районирование</kwd><kwd>сетевой анализ</kwd><kwd>экономические кластеры</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>лесная промышленность</kwd><kwd>кластеризация графа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic clusters</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>wood industry</kwd><kwd>trade regions</kwd><kwd>graph clustering</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусов И.И. Основы межрайонных связей и перевозок. Автореф. дисс. ... д-ра геогр. наук. М.: Географический факультет МГУ, 1958. 32 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belousov I.I. The fundamentals of inter-district communications and transportation. Extended Abstract of Doct. Sci. (Geogr.) Dissertation. 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