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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2658697525050083</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-3021</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы устойчивого развития лесопромышленного комплекса Костромской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects for Sustainable Development of the Forest Industry Complex of Kostroma Oblast</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шварц</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvarts</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.a.shvarts@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орешкина</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oreshkina</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oreshmash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байбар</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baibar</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baybar@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>809</fpage><lpage>827</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шварц Е.А., Орешкина М.Н., Байбар А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шварц Е.А., Орешкина М.Н., Байбар А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shvarts E.A., Oreshkina M.N., Baibar A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3021">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3021</self-uri><abstract><p>Лесной комплекс — один из ведущих и перспективных в экономике регионов Ближнего Севера. Трансформационные процессы, связанные с модернизацией, институциональными и макроэкономическими преобразованиями, изменившейся геополитической ситуацией, оказали на него значительное влияние. Цель данного исследования — на примере Костромской области выявить перспективные стратегические возможности улучшения социально-экономической ситуации на Ближнем Севере Европейской России с учетом современных реалий и потенциальных векторов развития лесного комплекса региона. В рамках исследования были проанализированы статистические и литературные источники, документы лесного планирования, а также проведен ряд интервью с лесопользователями и представителями лесничеств Костромской области. Выявлены основные тенденции и проблемы, с которыми в настоящее время сталкивается лесопромышленный комплекс области: дефицит кадров (в том числе c профильным образованием), устаревшие данные лесоустройства, проблемы лесовосстановления (в том числе отсутствие права выбора посадочного материала с открытой или закрытой корневой системой арендаторами и административное внедрение посадочного материала с закрытой корневой системой без учета экономики затрат для лесопользователей), недорубы осины, трудности адаптации к изменениям, связанным с экономическими санкциями, в том числе необходимость переориентации экспорта в азиатские страны из-за запрета экспорта древесины в Европу. Проанализированы проблемы сельхозпроизводителей, занимающихся помимо сельского хозяйства лесозаготовками, а также проблема зарастания заброшенных сельскохозяйственных земель лесом, который сейчас не используется. Предложены рекомендации по дальнейшему развитию лесной отрасли в регионе: рассмотрены возможные преобразования в лесопромышленном комплексе региона, такие как переход от экстенсивной к интенсивной модели использования и воспроизводства лесов, пересмотр взаимоотношений между государством как собственником лесного фонда и арендаторами, разрешение частного лесного хозяйства и лесопользования на заброшенных зарастающих землях сельскохозяйственного назначения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The forestry complex is one of the leading and promising in the economy of the Near North regions of European Russia, including Kostroma oblast. Transformation processes associated with modernization, institutional and macroeconomic transformations, changed geopolitical situation have had a significant impact on it. The purpose of this study is to identify promising strategic opportunities to improve the socioeconomic situation in the Near North of European Russia, taking into account modern realities and potential vectors of development of the region’s forestry complex of Kostroma oblast. Statistical and literary sources, forest planning documents were analysed, and a number of interviews with forest users of Kostroma oblast were conducted. The main trends and problems the forestry industry complex of the region is currently facing have been identified, and recommendations for further development of the forestry industry in the region have been proposed. Possible transformations in the forestry complex of the region have been discussed, such as the transition from extensive to intensive model of forest use and reproduction, revision of the relationship between the state as the owner of the forest fund and tenants, allowing private forestry and forest management on abandoned overgrown agricultural lands.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лесопромышленный комплекс</kwd><kwd>трансформация лесопользования</kwd><kwd>устойчивое лесопользование</kwd><kwd>Ближний Север России</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>timber industry complex</kwd><kwd>transformation of forest management</kwd><kwd>sustainable forest management</kwd><kwd>Near North of European Russia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в Институте географии РаН при финансовой поддержке проекта Российского научного фонда № 24-17-00129 “Перспективы социально-экономического и природосберегающего развития Ближнего Севера России”.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out at the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 24-17-00129 “Prospects of Socioeconomic and Nature-Conscious Development of the Near North of Russia”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Багаев С.С., Багаев Е.С., Дудин В.А. 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