sergeogrИзвестия Российской академии наук. Серия географическаяIzvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya2587-55662658-697510.7868/S2658697525040112sergeogr-3035Research ArticleВЗГЛЯД ГЕОГРАФАVIEW OF A GEOGRAPHERСоциально-географические последствия развертывания тактильного интернетаSocio-Geographical Consequences of the Tactile Internet DeploymentБлануцаВ. И.BlanutsaV. I.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

blanutsa@list.ruИнститут географии им. В.Б. Сочавы СО РАНРоссияV.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202511022026894669–680Copyright © Блануца В.И., 20262026Блануца В.И.Blanutsa V.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3035

В следующем десятилетии ожидается развертывание тактильного Интернета, способного обеспечить сверхнадежную и с наименьшей задержкой передачу не только традиционных данных (текст, аудио, видео), но и тактильных ощущений (прикосновение, давление, вибрация, шероховатость и др.). Это может привести как к позитивному, так и к негативному воздействию на общество. Для выявления географических последствий такого воздействия необходимо разработать методологию изучения интернет-тактильно-обусловленной трансформации территориальной организации общества. Ранее подобная работа не выполнялась. Целью нашего исследования стало определение негативных социально-географических последствий будущего развертывания тактильной связи на примере Сибирского федерального округа. Первоочередная идентификация именно негативных последствий связана с необходимостью разработки мероприятий по минимизации будущего цифрового неравенства. Рассмотрены негативные для общества и локализуемые в пространстве последствия развертывания тактильного Интернета в виде формирования замкнутых территориальных сообществ тактильной коммуникации, появления нового вида пространственного цифрового (интернет-тактильного) неравенства и возникновения зонально-распределенной алгоритмической предвзятости. Использованы данные Росстата о численности населения и данные операторов связи о длине оптоволоконных линий между сибирскими поселениями на 1 января 2023 г. Принято допущение, что существующие городские поселения и расстояния между ними будут существовать и в 2030-х годах. Предложен алгоритм выявления территориальных сообществ тактильной коммуникации, опирающийся на расчет круговой задержки в передаче тактильных данных между поселениями. В Сибири выделено 15 таких сообществ, охватывающих 52 из 114 городов и 45 из 147 поселков городского типа. Установлено, что по мере развития тактильной связи, будет происходить неравномерное сокращение цифрового неравенства по регионам. После пятой стадии развертывания вне тактильной связи окажется более 30% жителей Иркутской области, а также более 18% населения Красноярского края и Республики Тыва. Практическая значимость полученных результатов связана с формированием региональных программ минимизации будущего интернет-тактильного неравенства.

In the next decade, the Tactile Internet is expected to be deployed, capable of providing ultra-reliable and low-latency transmission of not only traditional data (text, audio, video), but also tactile sensations (touch, pressure, vibration, roughness, etc.). This can lead to both positive and negative impacts on the society. To identify the geographical consequences of such an impact, it is necessary to develop a methodology for studying the Internet-tactile transformation of the territorial organization of society. This kind of work has not been done before. The purpose of our study was to determine the negative socio-geographical consequences of the future deployment of tactile communication using the example of the Siberian Federal District of Russia. The primary identification of negative consequences is related to the need to develop measures to minimize future digital inequality. The article considers the negative consequences for society and the spatial consequences of the Tactile Internet deployment as the form of the formation for closed territorial communities of tactile communication, the emergence of a new type of spatial digital (Internet-tactile) inequality and the emergence of zonally distributed algorithmic bias. Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation (Rosstat) data on the population and data from telecom operators on the length of fiber-optic lines between Siberian settlements as of January 1, 2023 were used. It is assumed that existing urban settlements and the distances between them will continue to exist in the 2030s. An algorithm for identifying territorial communities of tactile communication is proposed, based on the calculation of the circular delay in the transmission of tactile data between settlements. There are fifteen such communities in Siberia, covering 52 out of 114 cities and 45 out of 147 urban-type settlements. It has been established that as tactile communication develops, there will be an uneven reduction in digital inequality across regions. After the fifth stage of deployment, more than 30% of residents in Irkutsk oblast, as well as more than 18% of the population in Krasnoyarsk krai and the Republic of Tuva, will be out of tactile communication. The practical significance of the results obtained is related to the formation of regional programs to minimize future Internet tactile inequality.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.