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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2658697525060063</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-3047</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННАЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННАЯ И ПРОЦЕССНАЯ ГЕОМОРФОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODERN QUANTITATIVE AND PROCESS GEOMORPHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Геоинформационная оценка эродированности пахотных почв Республики Татарстан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geoinformation Assessment of Erodibility of Arable Soils in the Republic of Tatarstan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафуров</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gafurov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AMGafurov@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буряк</surname><given-names>Ж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buryak</surname><given-names>Zh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">buryakzh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аввакумова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avvakumova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avvakumova_alina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title>Географические закономерности, природные и антропогенные факторы и параметры развития рельефа Северной Евразии в позднем</issue-title><fpage>943</fpage><lpage>957</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гафуров А.М., Буряк Ж.А., Аввакумова А.О., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гафуров А.М., Буряк Ж.А., Аввакумова А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gafurov A.M., Buryak Z.A., Avvakumova A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3047">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3047</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработана методика автоматизированного картографирования степени эродированности пахотных почв Республики Татарстан с учетом их типологической принадлежности на основе интеграции многолетних композитов открытой почвы Landsat за период 1985–1995 гг. и алгоритмов машинного обучения. Исследование базируется на 980 точках полевых почвенно-эрозионных обследований, стратифицированных по шести группам пахотных почв региона: черноземы, серые лесные, светло-серые лесные, темно-серые лесные, дерново-подзолистые и дерново-карбонатные. Тип или подтип почв включен как категориальный предиктор в обе реализованные модели: рельеф-ориентированную, объединяющую пятнадцать спектральных индексов с морфометрическими характеристиками рельефа, и спектральную, использующую только оптические свойства поверхности. Применение алгоритма градиентного бустинга CatBoost с последующей изотонической калибровкой отдельно для каждой почвенной группы обеспечило общую точность классификации 0.59–0.64, при этом рельеф-ориентированная модель на валидации продемонстрировала коэффициент детерминации 0.58 против 0.32 для спектральной модели. Средне- и сильносмытые почвы распознались с точностью 66–86% обеими моделями независимо от типа почв, тогда как слабосмытые почвы не смогли быть надежно идентифицированы. Информативности моделей оказалось недостаточно для корректной дифференциации несмытых и слабосмытых почв, что подтверждает известное ограничение мультиспектральных данных среднего разрешения при регистрации начальных стадий эрозии, когда изменения мощности гумусового горизонта не приводят к существенному изменению спектральных характеристик поверхности пахотного слоя. Выявлено 15% эродированных почв на склонах крутизной менее 3°. Это отражает естественную короткопрофильность некоторых почв региона или указывает на недооценку эрозионных процессов на пологих участках. Учет типологии почв через категориальные предикторы и групповую калибровку существенно повысил качество картографирования эродированности пахотных земель.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A methodology for automated mapping of soil erosion degrees in arable lands of the Republic of Tatarstan was developed with explicit consideration of soil typology using multi-year bare soil composites from Landsat imagery for the 1985–1995 period and machine learning algorithms. The study is based on 980 field soil-erosion survey points stratified across six soil groups: chernozems, gray forest soils, lightgray forest soils, dark-gray forest soils, sod-podzolic soils, and sod-carbonate soils. Soil type/subtype was included as a categorical predictor in both implemented models: a relief-oriented model combining fifteen spectral indices with morphometric terrain characteristics, and a spectral model using only optical surface properties. Application of CatBoost gradient boosting algorithm followed by isotonic calibration separately for each soil group achieved overall classification accuracy of 0.59–0.64, with the relief-oriented model demonstrating a determination coefficient of 0.58 versus 0.32 for the spectral model. Medium and severely eroded soils were recognized with 66–86% accuracy by both models regardless of soil type, while slightly eroded soils can’t be reliably identified. The information content of the models was insufficient for reliable differentiation of uneroded and slightly eroded soils. This confirms the known limitation of medium-resolution multispectral data when recording the initial stages of erosion, when changes in the thickness of the humus horizon do not lead to a significant change in the spectral characteristics of the arable layer surface. Fifteen percent of eroded soils were detected on slopes less than 3°, indicating underestimation of erosion processes on gentle slopes or reflecting (in some cases) naturally shallow soil profiles characteristic of the region. Accounting for soil typology through categorical predictors and group-wise calibration substantially improved the quality of arable land erosion mapping.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>водная эрозия почв</kwd><kwd>дистанционное зондирование</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>спектральные индексы</kwd><kwd>метод CatBoost</kwd><kwd>пашня</kwd><kwd>почвенное картографирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>water erosion</kwd><kwd>remote sensing</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>spectral indices</kwd><kwd>CatBoost method</kwd><kwd>arable land</kwd><kwd>soil mapping</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-27-00145, https://rscf.ru/project/25-27-00145/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 25-27-00145, https://rscf. ru/project/25-27-00145/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буряк Ж.А., Гафуров А.М. 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