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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2658697525060117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-3053</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ПАЛЕОГЕОМОРФОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODERN PALEOGEOMORPHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мюссерская возвышенность (Абхазия) — пример переходной зоны горной страны: типическое и особенное</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mussera Upland (Abkhazia) as an Example of the Mountain Region Transition Zone: Typical and Specific Features</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бредихин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bredikhin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болысов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolysov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sibol1954@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еременко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болиховская</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolikhovskaya</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиба</surname><given-names>Р. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiba</surname><given-names>R. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сухум</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sukhum</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кайтамба</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaitamba</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сухум</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sukhum</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголюбский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogoliubskiia</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экологии Академии наук Абхазии</institution><country>Абхазия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Ecology of Abkhazia Academy of Science</institution><country>Abkhazia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Абхазский государственный университет</institution><country>Абхазия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Abkhazian State University</institution><country>Abkhazia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова; Геологический институт РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University; Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title>Географические закономерности, природные и антропогенные факторы и параметры развития рельефа Северной Евразии в позднем</issue-title><fpage>1031</fpage><lpage>1055</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бредихин А.В., Болысов С.И., Еременко Е.А., Болиховская Н.С., Харченко С.В., Жиба Р.Ю., Кайтамба М.Д., Боголюбский В.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бредихин А.В., Болысов С.И., Еременко Е.А., Болиховская Н.С., Харченко С.В., Жиба Р.Ю., Кайтамба М.Д., Боголюбский В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bredikhin A.V., Bolysov S.I., Eremenko E.A., Bolikhovskaya N.S., Kharchenko S.V., Zhiba R.Y., Kaitamba M.D., Bogoliubskiia V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3053">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3053</self-uri><abstract><p>По результатам полевых работ было проведено геоморфологическое описание Мюссерской возвышенности, расположенной в северо-западной части Абхазии. Она представляет собой аллювиально-пролювиально-коллювиальную возвышенность, рассеченную многочисленными эрозионными формами до состояния бедленда. Показаны ее типичные черты для переходных зон предгорий и специфика строения и развития рельефа, обусловленная климатическими условиями. Нижние части мюссерской молассы, слагающей возвышенность, содержат в основном известняки, а верхние — магматические и метаморфические породы ядра Кавказа и терригенные породы. Это указывает на то, что возвышенность сформировалась, будучи вовлеченной в поднятие прилегающих моноклинальных хребтов южного макросклона Большого Кавказа при начале активного эрозионного расчленения пород фундамента. Проведенный спорово-пыльцевой анализ позволяет заключить, что формирование возвышенности и слагающей ее молассы началось на границе палеогена и неогена и продолжалось до неоплейстоцена. Начало активного расчленения возвышенности, вероятно, относится к рубежу неогена и эоплейстоцена и продолжается в настоящее время. Таким образом, исследование подтверждает традиционные представления о неотектоническом воздымании Кавказской горной страны. Приводятся петрографические и спорово-пыльцевые диаграммы по образцам мюссерской молассы, морфоструктурная и общая геоморфологическая карта района Мюссерской возвышенности, ее морфометрические характеристики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A geomorphological description of the Mussera upland, located in the northwestern part of Abkhazia, was carried out based on the results of fieldwork. It is an alluvial-proluvial-colluvial upland, dissected by numerous erosion forms to the state of badland. We have shown its typical features for the transition zones of the foothills and the specifics of the structure and development of the topography due to the climatic conditions. The lower parts of the Mussera molasse, composing the upland, contain mainly limestones, and the upper ones contain igneous and metamorphic rocks of the core of the Caucasus and terrigenous rocks. This indicates that the upland was formed by being involved in the uplift of the adjacent monocline ridges of the southern slope of the Greater Caucasus, when the erosion reached the basement rocks. The conducted spore-pollen analysis allows us to conclude that the formation of the upland and its constituent molasses began at the Paleogene-Neogene boundary and continued until the Pleistocene. The beginning of the active dissection of the upland probably dates back to the Neogene–Eopleistocene boundary and continues to this day. Thus, the study confirms the traditional ideas about the neotectonic uplift of the Caucasian. Petrographic and spore-pollen diagrams based on samples of the Mussera molasse, a morphostructural and general geomorphological map of the Mussera upland area, and its morphometric characteristics are presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>моласса</kwd><kwd>Кавказ</kwd><kwd>спорово-пыльцевой анализ</kwd><kwd>петрографический анализ</kwd><kwd>неотектоническое поднятие</kwd><kwd>эрозионное расчленение</kwd><kwd>периороген</kwd><kwd>бедленд</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>molasse</kwd><kwd>Caucasus</kwd><kwd>spore-pollen analysis</kwd><kwd>petrographic analysis</kwd><kwd>neotectonic uplift</kwd><kwd>erosive dissection</kwd><kwd>periorogen</kwd><kwd>badland</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках темы госзадания кафедры геоморфологии и палеогеографии МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова “Эволюция природной среды в кайнозое, динамика рельефа, геоморфологические опасности и риски природопользования” (ГЗ 121040100323–5) и в соответствии с программой исследований Центра науки и образования МГУ в Абхазском государственном университете.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out under the state assignment of Cathedra of Geomorphology and Paleogeography of Lomonosov Moscow State University “Evolution of Natural Environment in Cenozoic, Relief Dynamics, Geomorphological Hazards and Nature Management Risks” (no. GZ 121040100323–5) and in accordance with the research program of the MSU Center of Science and Education in Abkhazia State University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барышников Г.Я. Развитие рельефа переходных зон горных стран в кайнозое. 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