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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2658697526010062</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-3096</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАЛЫЙ, СРЕДНИЙ, БОЛЬШОЙ ГОРОД: ВОПРОСЫ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SMALL, MEDIUM, AND LARGE CITY: PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сжимающиеся города России и Казахстана в постсоветский период: общее и особенное в тенденциях развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shrinking Cities in Post-Soviet Russia and Kazakhstan: Common and Individual Trends</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллов</surname><given-names>П. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillov</surname><given-names>P. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">linard@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махрова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhrova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">almah@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафронов</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safronov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saffff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>90</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Города на пути из настоящего в будущее</issue-title><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кириллов П.Л., Махрова А.Г., Сафронов С.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кириллов П.Л., Махрова А.Г., Сафронов С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirillov P.L., Makhrova A.G., Safronov S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3096">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3096</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель данной статьи состоит в попытке осмыслить особенности процесса сжатия городского пространства России и Казахстана в течение постсоветского периода. Методика работы включала в себя анализ динамики числа сжимающихся городов и их численности населения, хронологии сжатия в разрезе регионов, рассмотрение типов траекторий и факторов сжатия, а также оценку тенденций развития этой группы городов. Анализ, проведенный по данным переписей и текущего учета населения на основе показателя среднегодового индекса убыли населения (от 1% и более), показал, что в динамике (1989–2025 гг.) городское сжатие в этих двух крупнейших по территории государствах постсоветского пространства имеет как общие черты, определяющиеся высокой долей моногородов и разреженностью расселения, так и различия, обусловленные, прежде всего, естественным приростом/убылью и миграцией населения. В России процессы городского сжатия ускоряются за счет возобновления негативных демографических тенденций, что проявляется в увеличении как числа городов, так и регионального распространения явления. В то же время в менее урбанизированном Казахстане сжатие, достигнув пика в 1990-е годы из-за стрессовых миграций нетитульного населения, быстро снизилось в 2000-х годах за счет возобновления демографического роста и постепенно локализовалось в ограниченном числе центров в северных и восточных областях. Анализ типов траекторий сжатия показывает, что и в Казахстане, и в России в эту группу эпизодически попадали города, расположенные в агломерациях. В обеих странах улучшается ситуация у большинства областных центров, причем в Казахстане — быстрее за счет естественного прироста. Застойное сжатие испытывают преимущественно малые города, среди которых много райцентров и промышленных моногородов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the paper is to understand the specific features of shrinkage of urban space In Russia and Kazakhstan during the post-Soviet period. Research methodology combined analysis of changes in number and population of shrinking cities, studying timeline of shrinkage across regions, identification of typical trajectories and factors contributing to their decline, and trends in current dynamics. Analysis conducted using census data and based on average annual population decline index (1% or more) in 1989–2025 revealed that urban shrinkage in these two largest post-Soviet states had both common features driven by a high share of single‑industry towns and sparse settlement patterns, and differences related to natural population change (growth or decline) and migration. In Russia, after a slowdown between 2010 and 2021, processes of urban shrinkage have tended to expand spatially, while in less urbanized Kazakhstan, shrinkage has gradually become localized in a limited number of centers in the northern and eastern regions. Analysis of shrinkage trajectory types shows that both in Kazakhstan and Russia, cities located within urban agglomerations also used to occasionally fall into this group. In both countries the general situation is improving for most regional centers, in Kazakhstan this improvement is faster due to natural population increase. Stagnant decline is experienced mainly by towns, many of which are district centers and industrial single‑industry towns.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>динамика населения городов</kwd><kwd>депопуляция</kwd><kwd>постсоветское пространство</kwd><kwd>траектории сжатия</kwd><kwd>факторы сжатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urban dynamics</kwd><kwd>depopulation</kwd><kwd>post-Soviet states</kwd><kwd>urban shrinkage trajectories</kwd><kwd>urban shrinkage factors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках госзадания НИР кафедры экономической и социальной географии России географического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова “Современная динамика и факторы социально-экономического развития регионов и городов России и стран Ближнего Зарубежья” № 121051100161-9.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of the state assignment for research by the Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia at the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University “Modern Dynamics and Factors of Socioeconomic Development of Regions and Cities in Russia and the CIS Countries” no. 121051100161-9.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антонов Е.В., Денисов Е.А., Ефремова В.А., Фаддеев А.М. Современные проблемы развития убывающих городов на северо-востоке Республики Коми // Вестн. Моск. ун-та. Серия 5. География. 2014. № 2. С. 55–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aitkazina Z.N. 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