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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2658697526030113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-3184</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биогеографические закономерности формирования двух популяций северных оленей на архипелаге Новая Земля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biogeographic Patterns of Formation of Two Reindeer Populations on the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мизин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mizin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ivan_Mizin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ комплексного изучения Арктики им. Н.П. Лаверова УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>90</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>614</fpage><lpage>629</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мизин И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мизин И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mizin I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3184">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3184</self-uri><abstract><p>Слабая изученность популяций новоземельских северных оленей (Rangifer tarandus pearsoni) привела некогда к мнению о преобладании на архипелаге одичавшей одомашненной формы вида, отличающейся внешней морфологией и поведением от так называемого аборигенного новоземельского оленя. Однако при этом не рассматривались различные естественные факторы, способные быть причиной таких различий, например, значительные размеры островов, а также их ландшафтное разнообразие. В статье делается попытка оценить возможные биогеографические факторы, приведшие к формированию на Новой Земле популяций северного оленя, изначально различающихся по внешнему виду, но относящихся, тем не менее, к одному подвиду. По литературным источникам определено распространение оленей в различные эпохи, что отражает особенности природы архипелага и освоение животными различных ландшафтов с XVI по XX в. Впервые проводится оценка размеров новоземельских оленей по отчетам охотников. Обсуждается наличие ландшафтных рефугиумов на о. Северном как причина различий в морфологии и габитусе животных. Проводятся параллели в описании других подвидов и экологических группировок северного оленя арктических островов, в том числе относительно их способности совершать миграции и придерживаться относительно небольших постоянных участков обитания в границах одного острова. Версия обитания на архипелаге Новая Земля двух генетически выявляемых популяций северного оленя с различиями в морфологии и поведении находит объяснение с точки зрения биогеографических особенностей архипелага. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lack of knowledge about the Novaya Zemlya reindeer (Rangifer tarandus pearsoni) once led to the common belief that the archipelago was inhabited by a feral, domesticated subspecies that differed in appearance and behaviour from the so-called indigenous Novaya Zemlya reindeer. However, this view failed to consider various natural factors that could explain such differences, such as the islands’ significant size and diverse landscapes. This study aims to evaluate the potential biogeographical factors that resulted in reindeer being present on the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago, despite them initially differing in appearance. The distribution of Novaya Zemlya reindeer across different eras was determined based on literature sources, reflecting the archipelago’s environmental research history and the animals’ occupation of various landscapes from the 16th to the 20th century. For the first time, an attempt has been made to estimate the size of the reindeer population in Novaya Zemlya Archipelago based on data from harvested individuals. The existence of landscape refugia on Severny Island is discussed as an explanation for the differences in the reindeer’s physical appearance. Similarities are drawn with other subspecies and ecological groups of Arctic insular wild reindeer. This includes the ability of Novaya Zemlya reindeer to migrate or remain within a relatively small permanent habitat on a single island. The theory that Novaya Zemlya Archipelago is inhabited by two genetically distinct reindeer populations, which differ in morphology and behaviour, can be explained by the archipelago’s biogeographical characteristics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>северный олень</kwd><kwd>Rangifer tarandus pearsoni</kwd><kwd>Новая Земля</kwd><kwd>биогеография</kwd><kwd>ландшафтное разнообразие</kwd><kwd>рефугиум</kwd><kwd>островные популяции</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>миграции</kwd><kwd>аборигенная популяция</kwd><kwd>одичавшие олени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Novaya Zemlya reindeer</kwd><kwd>Rangifer tarandus pearsoni</kwd><kwd>Novaya Zemlya Archipelago</kwd><kwd>biogeography</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>landscape diversity</kwd><kwd>refugia</kwd><kwd>insular populations</kwd><kwd>migration behavior</kwd><kwd>feral reindeer</kwd><kwd>indigenous population</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования проведены в рамках выполнения проекта государственного задания ФГБУН ФИЦКИА УрО РАН “Динамика и современное состояние биологического разнообразия и биологических ресурсов в Арктике и на Европейском Севере РФ в контексте исторического опыта и современных практик их охраны и хозяйственного использования” (№ FUUW-2025-0009).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the fundamental scientific topic FECIAR UrB RAS “Dynamics and Current Status of Biological Diversity and Biological Resources in the Arctic and the European North of the Russian Federation in the Context of Historical Experience and Modern Practices of Their Protection and Economic Use” no. 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