sergeogrИзвестия Российской академии наук. Серия географическаяIzvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya2587-55662658-697510.31857/S2587-55662019473-84sergeogr-926Research ArticleПриродные процессы и динамика геосистемNatural Processes and Dynamics of GeosystemsОценка коэффициента доставки наносов малых водосборов в лесостепных и степных районах Восточно-Европейской равниныEvaluation of the Sediment Delivery Ratio of Small Watersheds in the Forest-Steppe and Steppe Regions of The Russian PlainБезуховД. А.BezukhovD. A.dobrohuch@gmail.comГолосовВ. Н.GolosovV. N.ПанинА. В.PaninA. V.Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation201906092019047384Copyright © Безухов Д.А., Голосов В.Н., Панин А.В., 20192019Безухов Д.А., Голосов В.Н., Панин А.В.Bezukhov D.A., Golosov V.N., Panin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/926

Установлена зависимость между коэффициентом доставки наносов (SDR) и морфометрическими параметрами совокупности из 27 ранее изученных малых водосборов, находящихся в центральной и южной части Русской равнины в различных геоморфологических условиях в районах активного сельскохозяйственного освоения. Коэффициенты доставки наносов малых водосборов определялись с  помощью полевых методов. При сопоставлении SDR с  отдельными характеристиками рельефа выявлено отсутствие прямой линейной зависимости между каждым из параметров и SDR. Самое высокое значение коэффициента корреляции между коэффициентом доставки наносов и  показателем рельефа малого водосбора получено для средней крутизны водосбора (r = 0.52). В  качестве одной из проверяемых морфометрических характеристик использовалась характеристика плановой формы водосбора – коэффициент округлости. В полученное расчетное уравнение входит несколько морфометрических параметров: отношение площади и  периметра, выведенное на основе коэффициента округлости, и амплитуда абсолютных высот. Эти показатели позволяют учитывать форму водосбора в плане и энергетический потенциал рельефа. Около половины значений SDR, полученные по расчетной формуле, отклоняются в пределах ±10% от исходных. Для водосборов с  SDR > 50% расчетные значения значительно отличаются от исходных вследствие разброса данных в этой области. Полученная расчетная формула коэффициента доставки наносов может использоваться вместе с  данными дистанционного зондирования о  землепользовании для изучения динамики перераспределения наносов в  речных бассейнах.

Dependence between sediment delivery ratio (SDR) and morphometric parameters of a  set of 27 previously studied small watersheds located in the central and southern parts of the Russian plain in various geomorphological conditions in the areas of active agricultural development is established. The SDR of small riversheds were determined using field methods. When comparing the SDR with individual terrain characteristics, there is no direct linear relationship between each of the parameters and SDR. The highest value of the correlation coefficient between the SDR and relief indicators of the small rivershed was obtained for the average steepness of the watershed area (r =  0.52). As one of the verified morphometric characteristics, the parameter of the planimetric form of the rivershed area (the circularity coefficient) was used. The resulting equation includes several morphometric parameters: the ratio of area and perimeter (derived from the circularity coefficient) and the amplitude of absolute heights. These parameters allow taking into account the watershed planimetric form and the landform energy potential. About half the SDR values, obtained by the equation, deviate within ±10% of the initial values. For watersheds with SDR >  50%, the calculated values are significantly different from the initial values due to the spread of data in this area. The obtained equation of SDR can be used together with land-use remote sensing data to study the dynamics of sediments redistribution in river basins.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.