<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587-55662019485-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-927</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Эволюция природных систем</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Evolution of Natural System</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Строение крупных западин лёссовых междуречий восточного Приазовья (на примере “Червоной пади”)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structure of Large Flat-Bottom Depressions on Loess Interfluves of Eastern Azov Region (on the Example of “Chervonaya Pad'”)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alzakharov@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Константинов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konstantinov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт географии РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захаров А.Л., Константинов Е.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захаров А.Л., Константинов Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharov A.L., Konstantinov E.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/927">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/927</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрено геолого-геоморфологическое строение “Червоной пади” –  одной из крупнейших западин лёссовых равнин восточного Приазовья. Исследование опирается на анализ топографии и результаты геологических изысканий (ручное бурение и изучение береговых обнажений). Установлены черты морфологического сходства “Червоной пади” с соседними крупными западинами, что свидетельствует о единстве природы крупных западин и позволяет рассматривать “Червоную падь” как модельный объект исследований. Особенности морфологии и геологического строения “Червоной пади” указывают на то, что западина представляет собой денудационную форму, выработанную в  покрове лёссовых отложений в результате локализованного выноса материала сверху в субаэральных условиях. По данным стратиграфии палеопочв установлено, что основной этап ее формирования пришелся на конец среднего плейстоцена. Авторы подвергают проверке существующие гипотезы образования крупно-западинного рельефа восточного Приазовья. Показано, что ранее предложенные механизмы формирования западин (термокарстовый, эрозионно-суффозионный, просадочно-лёссовый, лиманно-озерный) не согласуются с  фактическими данными по геолого-геоморфологическому строению “Червоной пади”. Выдвигается гипотеза эолово-денудационного (дефляционного) происхождения крупных западин восточного Приазовья.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Geological and geomorphological structure of the “Chervonaya Pad’”, one of the largest orientated depressions of Eastern Azov region, was considered. The study is based on the results of the analysis of remote-sensing data and new geological data obtained during manual drilling and studying the coastal outcrops. Features of the morphological similarity between the neighboring large depressions and “Chervonaya Pad’” was revealed. It is evidence of the unity of their origin. This allows us to consider “Chervonaya Pad’” as a model object for research. The features of the geological structure and morphology of the “Chervonaya Pad’” show that the depression is a denudation form developed in the cover of loess deposits as a result of the impact of airflow on the surface. According to the paleosol stratigraphy, it was revealed that the main stage of the formation of the depression was in the end of the Middle Pleistocene. Based on the material obtained, the authors verify the existing hypotheses of the formation of the large flat-bottom depression relief of the Eastern Azov region. It is revealed that the previously proposed mechanisms for the formation of large depressions (thermokarst, erosion-suffusion, loess subsidence, estuary-lake) do not consistent with the actual data on the geological-geomorphological structure of the “Chervonaya Pad’”. The authors propose the hypothesis of the eolian-denudation (deflation) origin of large depressions of the Eastern Azov region.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лёссовые равнины</kwd><kwd>замкнутые депрессии</kwd><kwd>палеопочвы</kwd><kwd>палеорельеф</kwd><kwd>плейстоцен</kwd><kwd>эоловые процессы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Loess plains</kwd><kwd>closed depressions</kwd><kwd>paleosols</kwd><kwd>paleo-relief</kwd><kwd>Pleistocene</kwd><kwd>aeolian processes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследования выполнены при финансовой поддержке проекта РФФИ №16-35-60069, геодезические работы -  в рамках проекта РФФИ №16-35-00345, а  камеральная обработка –  по теме госзадания №0148-2019-0005.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 16-35- 60069 (geological and geomorphological surveys), by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 16-35-00345 (geodetic works), within the framework of the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 0148-2019-0005 (cameral works).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Булавин Б.П. Реликты Плювиальной эпохи в Причерономорье // Рельеф и ландшафты / отв. ред. Н.А. Гвоздецкий, А.И. Спиридонов. М.: Изд. Моск. ун-та, 1977. С. 172–173.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulavin B.P. Pluvial era relics in the Black Sea region. In Rel`ef i landshafty [Relief and Landscapes]. Gvozdetsky N.A., Spiridonov A.I., Eds. Moscow: Mosk. Gos. Univ., 1977, pp. 172–173. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Величко А.А. Природный процесс в плейстоцене // отв. ред. И.П. Герасимов. М.: Наука, 1973. 256 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichko A.A. Prirodnyiprotsess v pleistotsene [The Natural Process in the Pleistocene]. Gerasimov I.P., Ed. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1973. 256 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Величко А.А., Катто Н.Р., Тесаков А.С., Титов В.В., Морозова Т.Д., Семенов В.В., Тимирева С.Н. Особенности строения плейстоценовой лёссово-почвенной формации юга Русской равнины по материалам Восточного Приазовья // ДАН. 2009. Т. 429. № 6. С. 1364–1368.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichko A.A., Catto N., Tesakov A.S., Titov V.V., Morozova T.D., Semenov V.V., Timireva S.N. Structural specificity of pleistocene loess and soil formation of the southern Russian plain according to materials of Eastern Priazovie. Dokl. Earth Sci., 2009, vol. 429, no. 1, pp. 1364–1368.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Величко А.А., Морозова Т.Д., Борисова О.К., Тимирева С.Н., Семенов В.В., Кононов Ю.М. Титов В.В., Тесаков А.С., Константинов Е.А., Курбанов Р.Н. Становление зоны степей юга Рос-сии (по материалам строения лёссово-почвенной формации Доно-Азовского региона) // ДАН. 2012. Т. 445. № 2. С. 999–1002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichko A.A., Morozova T.D., Borisova O.K., Timireva S.N., Semenov V.V., Kononov Y.M., Konstantinov E.A., Kurbanov R.N. Titov V.V., Tesakov A.S. Development of the steppe zone in southern Russia based on the reconstruction from the loess-soil formation in the Don–Azov Region. Dokl. Earth Sci., 2012, vol. 445, no. 2, pp. 999–1002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Величко А.А., Константинов Е.А. Опыт реконструкции плейстоценовой морфодинамикиплакоров северного Приазовья (ключевой участок Мелекино, Донецкая область украины) // Геоморфология. 2013. № 3. С. 51–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichko A.A., Konstantinov E.A. A tentative for a watershed morphodynamics reconstruction in the Northern Priazov'e (test site Melekino, Donetsk region, Ukraine). Geomorfologiya, 2013, no. 3, pp. 51–61. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Величко А.А., Морозова Т.Д. Основные черты почвообразования в плейстоцене на Восточно-Европейской равнине и их палеогеографическая интерпретация // Эволюция почв и почвенного покрова. Теория, разнообразие природной эволюции и антропогенных трансформаций почв / отв. ред. В.Н. Кудеяров, И.В. Иванов. М.: ГЕОС, 2015. С. 321–333.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichko A.A., Morozova T.D. Main features of soil formation during the Pleistocene on the East European Plain and their palaeogeographical interpretation. In Evolyutsiya pochvi pochvennogo pokrova. Teoriya, raznoobrazie prirodnoi evolyutsii i antropogennykh transformatsii pochv [Evolution of Soils and Soil Cover. Theory, Diversity of Natural Evolution and Anthropogenic Transformations of Soils]. Kudeyarov V.N., Ivanov I.V., Eds. Moscow: GEOS Publ., 2015, pp. 321–323. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Востриков Н.Г. Просадочные процессы и их формы рельефа на территории Прикубанской равнины: особенности и распространение. Авто-реф. дисс. … канд. геогр. наук. Краснодар, 2012. 24 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vostrikov N.G. Subsidence processes and their landforms on the territory of Kuban plain: characteristics and distribution. Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Geogr.) Dissertation. Krasnodar: Kuban State Univ., 2012. 24 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Денисов Н.Я. О природе просадочных явлений в лессовидных суглинках // М.: Гос. Изд-во “Советская наука”, 1946. 176 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denisov N.Ya. O prirode prosadochnyh yavlenij v lessovidnyhsuglinkakh [On the Nature of Subsidence Processes in Loess-like Loams]. Moscow: Sovetskaya Nauka Publ., 1946. 176 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захаров А.Л., Константинов Е.А. Морфология западинного рельефа Восточного Приазовья // Геоморфологи. Новое поколение / отв. ред. М.Е.Кладовщикова, Э.А. Лихачева. М.: М-ПРЕСС, 2013. Вып. 2. С. 5–13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharov A.L., Konstantinov E.A. Morphology of kettle terrain in the Eastern Azov region. In Geomorfologi. Novoe pokolenie [Geomorphologists. The New Generation]. Kladovshchikova M.E., Likhacheva E.A., Eds. Moscow: Media-PRESS Publ., 2013, 2nd ed., pp. 5–13. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кавеев Т.С. Лёссы территории орошения Ростовской области // Тр.Комис. по изуч. четверт. периода / Т. XIII. М.: Изд. АН СССР, 1957. С. 263–270.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaveev T.S. Loess of irrigation area of the Rostov region. Tr. Komissii po Izuch. Chetvertichnogo Perioda, 1957, vol. 13, pp. 263–270. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Канонников А.М. Природа Кубани и Причерноморья // Краснодарское книжное изд., 1977. 112 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kanonnikov A.M. Priroda Kubani i Prichernomor'ya [Nature of the Kuban Region and the Black Sea Area]. Krasnodar: Krasnodarskoe Knizhnoe Izd. Publ., 1977. 112 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кочетов Н.И. Просадочные формы рельефа в Западном Предкавказье // Геоморфология. 1978. № 4. С. 73–75.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kochetov N.I. The subsidence relief forms in the Western Ciscaucasia. Geomorfologiya, 1978, no. 4, pp. 73–75. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левандовский П.А. Геоморфология и геоморфологическое районирование Приазовской низменности // уч. зап. Краснодарского гос. пед. ин-та. Естеств.-геог. ф-т. Вып. 17. Краснодар: Изд-во Советская Кубань, 1956. С. 19–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levandovsky P.A. Geomorphology and geomorphologic zoning of the Azov Lowlands. Uch. Zap. Krasnodarskogo Gos. Ped. Inst., Estestvenno-Geogr. Fakultet, 1956, no. 17, pp. 19–32. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Молодых И.И. Инженерно-геологические основы изучения территорий регионального распространения западинных форм рельефа украинской части русской платформы в связи с мелиоративным строительством. Автореф. дис. ... д-ра геол.-мин. наук. Киев: АН уССР, 1982. 207 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Molodykh I.I. The engineering-geological basis for studying the territories of the regional distribution of large depressions of the Ukrainian part of the Russian platform in connection with land reclamation. Doctoral (Geol.-Min.) Dissertation. Kiev: Acad. Sci. of the UkrSSR, 1982. 207 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Морозова Т.Д. Об эволюции процессов почвообразования на Русской равнине в четвертичное время // Почвоведение. 1972. №7. С. 3–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozova T.D. On the evolution of soil formation processes in the Russian Plain during the Quaternary. Pochvovedenie, 1972, no. 7, pp. 3–10. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Разрез новейших отложений северо-восточного Приазовья / под ред. академика К.К. Маркова. М.: Изд-во Моск. ун-та, 1976. 159 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razrez noveishikh otlozheni i severo-vostochnogo Priazov'ya [The Section of the Neogene-Quaternary Deposits of the Northeast Azov Sea Coast]. Markov K.K., Ed. Moscow: Mosk. Gos. Univ., 1976. 159 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сафронов И.Н. Геоморфология западного и центрального Предкавказья // Вопросы геогр. С-З Кавказа и Предкавказья. Краснодар: Изд-во Кубанского гос. ун-та, 1973. С. 4–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safronov I.N. Geomorphology of the Western and Central Ciscaucasia. In Vopr. geogr. S-Z Kavkaza i Predkavkaz'ya [Gepgraphical Problems of the Northwestern Caucasis and Ciscaucasia]. Krasnodar: Kubanskii Gos. Univ., 1973, pp. 4–39. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов И.А., Таргульян В.О. Взаимодействие почвы и среды: почва–память и почва–момент // Изучение и освоение природной среды. М.: Наука, 1976. С. 150–164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolov I.A., Targul'yan V.O. Interaction of soil and environment: soil-memory and soil-moment. In Izuch. iosvoenieprir. sredy [Study and Development of Natural Environment]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1976, pp. 150–164. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хитров Н.Б., Власенко В.П., Рухович Д.И., Брызжев А.В., Калинина Н.В., Роговнева Л.В. География вертисолей и вертиковых почв Куба-но-Приазовской низменности // Почвоведение. 2015. № 7. С. 671–688.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khitrov N.B., Rukhovich D.I., Bryzzhev A.V., Kalinina N.V., Rogovneva L.V., Vlasenko V.P. The geography of Vertisols and Vertic soils in the Kuban Azov Lowland. Eurasian Soil Sci., 2015, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 671–688.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen J., Yang T., Matishov G.G., Velichko A.A., Zeng B., He Y., Shi P. Luminescence chronology and age model application for the upper part of the Chumbur-Kosa loess sequence in the Sea of Azov, Russia // J. of Mountain Sci. 2018. 15 (3). P. 504–518.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen J., Yang T., Matishov G.G., Velichko A.A., Zeng B., He Y., Shi P. Luminescence chronology and age model application for the upper part of the Chumbur-Kosa loess sequence in the Sea of Azov, Russia. J. Mt. Sci., 2018, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 504–518.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen J., Yang T., Matishov G.G., Velichko A.A., Zeng B., He Y., Shi P., Fan Z., Titov V.V., Borisova O.K., Timireva S.N., Konstantinov E.A., Kononov Yu.M., Kurbanov R.N., Panin P.G., Chubarov I.G. A luminescence dating study of loess deposits from the Beglitsa section in the Sea of Azov, Russia // Quat. Int. 2018. V. 478. P. 27–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen J., Yang T., Matishov G.G., Velichko A.A., Zeng B., He Y., Shi P., Fan Z., Titov V.V., Borisova O.K., Timireva S.N., Konstantinov E.A., Kononov Yu.M., Kurbanov R.N., Panin P.G., Chubarov I.G. A luminescence dating study of loess deposits from the Beglitsa section in the Sea of Azov, Russia. Quat. Int., 2018, vol. 478, pp. 27–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farr G., Rosen A., Caro E., Crippen R., Duren R., Hensley S., Kobrick M., Paller M., Rodriguez E., Roth L., Seal D., Shaffer S., Shimada J., Umland J., Werner M., Oskin M., Burbank D., Alsdorf D. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission // Rev. Geophys. 2007. 45. RG2004. doi:10.1029/2005RG000183</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farr G., Rosen A., Caro E., Crippen R., Duren R., Hensley S., Kobrick M., Paller M., Rodriguez E., Roth L., Seal D., Shaffer S., Shimada J., Umland J., Werner M., Oskin M., Burbank D., Alsdorf D. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. Rev. Geophys, 2007, vol. 45, no. 2. doi 10.1029/2005RG000183</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kleschenkov A. The use of digital elevation model for study of the paleogeography of the Azov sea region // 2010 annual meeting INQUA-SEQS. Rostov-on-Don, 2010. P. 72–74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kleschenkov A. The use of digital elevation model for study of the paleogeography of the Azov sea region. In Quat. Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Southern Russia: Connections between Europe, Africa and Asia. Rostov-on-Don, 2010, pp. 72–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konstantinov E.A., Velichko A.A., Kurbanov R.N., Zakharov A.L. Middle to late pleistocene topography evolution of the north-eastern Azov region // Quat. Int. 2018. № 465. P. 72–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konstantinov E.A., Velichko A.A., Kurbanov R.N., Zakharov A.L. Middle to late pleistocene topography evolution of the north-eastern Azov region. Quat. Int., 2018, vol. 465, pp. 72–84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lisiecki L.E., Raymo M.E. A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records // Paleoceanography. 2005. 20. PA1003. doi:10.1029/2004PA001071</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lisiecki L.E., Raymo M.E. A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records. Paleoceanography, 2005, vol. 20, no. 1. doi10.1029/2004PA001071</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozova T.D. Identification of Paleosol Types And Their Applicability For Paleoclimatic Reconstructions // GeoJournal. 1995. V. 36. № 2–3. P. 199–205.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozova T.D. Identification of Paleosol types and their applicability for paleoclimatic reconstructions. GeoJournal, 1995, vol. 36, no. 2-3, pp. 199–205.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panin P.G., Timireva S.N., Morozova T.D., Kononov Yu.M., Velichko A.A. Morphology and micromorphology of the loess-paleosol sequences in the south of the East European plain (MIS 1–MIS 17) // Catena. 2018. V. 168. P. 79–101. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2018.01.032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panin P.G., Timireva S.N., Morozova T.D., Kononov Yu.M., Velichko A.A. Morphology and micromorphology of the loess-paleosol sequences in the south of the East European plain (MIS 1–MIS 17). Catena, 2018, vol.168, pp. 79-101. doi 10.1016/j.catena.2018.01.032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tesakov A.S., Dodonov A.E., Titov V.V., Trubikhin V.M. Plio-pleistocene geological record and small mammal faunas, eastern shore of the Azov Sea, Southern European Russia // Quat. Int. 2007. V. 160. № 1. P. 57–69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tesakov A.S., Dodonov A.E., Titov V.V., Trubikhin V.M. Plio-pleistocene geological record and small mammal faunas, eastern shore of the Azov Sea, Southern European Russia. Quat. Int., 2007, vol. 160, no. 1, pp. 57–69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vandenberghe J., Renssen H., Roche D.M., Goosse H., Velichko A.A., Gorbunov A., Levavasseur G. Eurasian permafrost instability constrained by reduced sea-ice cover. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012. № 34. P. 16–23. doi:10.1016/ j.quascirev.2011.12.00</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vandenberghe J., Renssen H., Roche D.M., Goosse H., Velichko A. A., Gorbunov A., Levavasseur G. Eurasian permafrost instability constrained by reduced sea-ice cover. Quat. Sci. Rev., 2012, 34, pp. 16–23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velichko A.A., Catto N.R., Kononov Yu.M., Morozova T.D., Novenko E.Yu., Panin P.G., Ryskov G.Ya., Semenov V.V., Timireva S.N., Titov V.V., Tesakov A.S. Progressively cooler, drier interglacials in southern Russia through the Quaternary: Evidence from the Sea of Azov region // Quat. Int. 2009. V. 198. № 1–2. P. 204–219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velichko A.A., Catto N.R., Kononov Yu.M., Morozova T.D., Novenko E.Yu., Panin P.G., Rys kov G.Ya., Semenov V.V., Timireva S.N., Titov V.V., Tesakov A.S. Progressively cooler, drier interglacials in southern Russia through the Quaternary: Evidence from the Sea of Azov region. Quat. Int., 2009, vol. 198, 1-2, pp. 204–219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
