<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sergeogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5566</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6975</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2587-556620194125-136</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sergeogr-931</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История географии и историческая география</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>History of Geography and Historical Geography</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Черное море в “Географии” Птолемея: от измерения широт и расстояний к созданию карты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Black Sea in Ptolemy’s Geography: from Measuring Latitudes and Distances to Creating a Map</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щегло</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcheglov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">shcheglov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский филиал Института истории естествознания и  техники им.  С.И.  Вавилова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Branch of the S.I.  Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>125</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щегло Д.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щегло Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shcheglov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/931">https://izvestia.igras.ru/jour/article/view/931</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проведено сопоставление данных о конфигурации Черного моря в “Географии” Птолемея и  у других античных географов. Показано, что данные Птолемея и  других географов о  периметре Черного моря и  длине побережий между ключевыми пунктами согласуются между собой с высокой точностью, что указывает на родство между их источниками. Предложено объяснение причин множественных расхождений между данными Птолемея и  других авторов о  расстояниях между близко расположенными пунктами. Показано, что сокращение длины западного побережья Черного моря у Птолемея относительно данных других авторов обусловлено допущенной им ошибкой в оценке окружности Земли. В целом, конфигурация Черного моря у Птолемея хорошо объясняется как результат согласования разнородных данных о  длине побережий и  широте отдельных пунктов. Сделанные наблюдения позволяют пролить свет на метод работы Птолемея по созданию карты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The configuration of the Black Sea in Ptolemy’s Geography is compared with the information of other ancient geographers. It is demonstrated that their data on the length of the coastlines between the key points match with high accuracy, implying that they drew on similar sources. A possible explanation of numerous disagreements between their data on distances between neighbouring coastal points is suggested. It is shown that the shortening of the west coast of the Black Sea in Ptolemy’s Geography relative to the reports of other geographers was due to his erroneous value of the circumference of the Earth. In general, Ptolemy’s configuration of the Black Sea is explained as a result of merging together contradictory information on the length of coastlines and the latitudes of the key points provided by his sources. These findings contribute to a better understanding of Ptolemy’s method of map-making.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история географии</kwd><kwd>история картографии</kwd><kwd>античная география</kwd><kwd>Клавдий Птолемей</kwd><kwd>карта Птолемея</kwd><kwd>измерение окружности Земли</kwd><kwd>Черное море</kwd><kwd>“Перипл Понта Эвксинского”</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of geography</kwd><kwd>history of cartography</kwd><kwd>ancient geography</kwd><kwd>Claudius Ptolemy</kwd><kwd>Ptolemy’s map</kwd><kwd>measurement of the circumference of the Earth</kwd><kwd>Black Sea</kwd><kwd>Periplus of the Pontus Euxinus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 18-011-00258 “Разработка методов сравнительного анализа картографических памятников прошлого”.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18- 011-00258 (“Development of comparative analysis methods for fundamental cartographic works of the past”).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грацианская Л.И. “География” Страбона: проблема источниковедения. // Древнейшие государства на территории СССР: Материалы и исследования, 1986 г. М.: Наука, 1988. С. 6–175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gratsianskaya L.I. Geography of Strabo: problems of source studies. In Drevneishyi gosudarstva na territorii SSSR. Materialy i issledovaniya, 1986 [The Most Ancient States on the Territory of the USSR. Materials and Studies, 1986]. Novoseltsev A.P., Ed. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1988, pp. 6–175. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зубарев В.Г. Историческая география Северного Причерноморья по данным античной письменной традиции. / ред. А.П. Новосельцев. М.: Языки славянской культуры, 2005. 504 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zubarev V.G. Istoricheskaya geografiya Severnogo Prichernomorya po dannym antichnoi pis’mennoi traditsii [Historical Geography of the Northern Black Sea Region According to the Ancient Written Tradition]. Moscow: Yazyki Slavyanskoi Kultury Publ., 2005. 504 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подосинов А.В. Рецензия на книгу: Ptolemaios. Handbuch der Geographie. Griechisch-Deutsch. Einleitung, Text und Übersetzung, Index. 1–2 Teil. Hrsg. von A. Stückelberger und G. Graßhoff. Basel, 2006 // Вестн. древней истории. 2008. № 1. С. 218–222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podossinov A.V. Review on: Ptolemaios. Handbuch der Geographie. Griechisch-Deutsch. Einleitung, Text und Übersetzung, Index. 1-2 Teil. Hrsg. von A. Stückelberger und G. Graßhoff. Basel, 2006. Vestn. Drevnei Istorii, 2008, no. 1, pp. 218–222. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подосинов А.В. К вопросу об источниках “Перипла Понта Эвксинского” Псевдо-Арриана // Индоевропейское языкознание и классическая филология. 2015. Т. 19. С. 754–766.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podossinov A.V. On the question of the sources of Pseudo-Arrian’s Periplus of Pontus Euxinus. Indoevropeiskoe Yazykoznanie i Klassicheskaya Filologiya, 2015, vol. 19, pp. 754–766. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подосинов А.В., Скржинская М.В. Римские географические источники: Помпоний Мела и Плиний Старший. Тексты, перевод, комментарий. М.: Индрик, 2011. 504 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podossinov A.V., Skrzhinskaya M.V. Rimskie geograficheskie istochniki: Pomponii Mela i Plinii Starshii. Teksty, perevod, kommentarii [Roman Geographical Sources: Pomponius Mela and Pliny the Elder. Texts, Translation, Commentaries]. Moscow: Indrik Publ., 2011. 504 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щеглов Д.А. Средиземноморское побережье Африки в “Географии” Птолемея и в “Стадиасме Великого моря” // ΣΧΟΛΗ (Schole). Философское антиковедение и классическая традиция. 2018. Т. 12. Вып. 2. С. 453–479.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcheglov D.A. The Mediterranean coast of Africa in Ptolemy’s Geography and in the Stadiasmus of the Great sea. ΣΧΟΛΗ (Schole). Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition, 2018, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 453–479. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яйленко В.П. Топонимика античного Крыма // боспорские исследования. Т. 35 / ред. В.Н. Зинько. Керчь: Керченская городская типография, 2017. С. 3–88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yailenko V.P. Toponymy of Ancient Crimea. In Bosporskie issledovaniya [Bospor Studies]. Zinko V.N., Ed. Kerch: Kerchenskaya Gorodskaya Tipografiya Publ., 2017, vol. 35, pp. 3–88. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnaud P. Le traitement cartographique de l’information périplographique et diaplographique par Ptolémée: quelques exemples // Geographia Antiqua. 2017. V. 26. P. 89–108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnaud P. Le traitement cartographique de l’information périplographique et diaplographique par Ptolémée: quelques exemples. Geographia Antiqua, 2017, vol. 26, pp. 89–108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burri R. Die Geographie des Ptolemaios im Spiegel der griechischen Handschriften. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2013. 597 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burri R. Die Geographie des Ptolemaios im Spiegel der Griechischen Handschriften. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2013. 597 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Defaux O. The Iberian Peninsula in Ptolemy’s Geography. Origins of the Coordinates and Textual History. Berlin: Edition Topoi, 2017. 471 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Defaux O. The Iberian Peninsula in Ptolemy’s Geography. Origins of the Coordinates and Textual History. Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. 471 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diller A. The Tradition of the Minor Greek Geographers. Lancaster: Lancaster Press; Oxford: B.H. Blackwell. № l. 1952. 200 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diller A. The Tradition of the Minor Greek Geographers. Lancaster: Lancaster Press; Oxford: B.H. Blackwell, 1952. 200 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gómez Fraile J.M. Sobre la antigua cartografía y sus métodos. Los fundamentos numéricos de la Hispania de Claudio Ptolomeo // Iberia. 2005. V. 8. P. 35–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gómez Fraile J.M. Sobre la antigua cartografía y sus métodos. Los fundamentos numéricos de la Hispania de Claudio Ptolomeo. Iberia. Revista de la Antigüedad, 2005, vol. 8, pp. 35–64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Graßhoff G., Mittenhuber F., Rinner E. Of Paths and Places: the Origin of Ptolemy’s Geography // Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 2017. V. 71.6. P. 483–508.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Graßhoff G., Mittenhuber F., Rinner E. Of paths and places: the origin of ptolemy’s Geography. Arch. for History of Exact Sci., 2017, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 483–508.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klaudios Ptolemaios. Handbuch der Geographie. Griechisch – Deutsch. Einleitung, Text und Übersetzung. V. 1–2. CD-Rom / Stückelberger A., Graßhoff G. (Eds.). Basel: Schwabe, 2006. 1018 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klaudios Ptolemaios. Handbuch der Geographie. Griechisch – Deutsch. Einleitung, Text und Übersetzung, 2 vols. Stückelberger A., Graßhoff G., Eds. Basel: Schwabe, 2006. 1018 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marx C. On the Precision of Ptolemy’s Geographic Coordinates in His Geographike Hyphegesis // History of Geo- and Space Sciences. 2011. V. 2. № 1. P. 29–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marx C. On the precision of Ptolemy’s geographic coordinates in his Geographike Hyphegesis. History of Geo- and Space Sciences, 2011, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 29–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marx C. The Western Coast of Africa in Ptolemy’s Geography and the Location of His Prime Meridian // History of Geo- and Space Sciences. 2016. V. 7. № 1. P. 27–52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marx C. The western coast of Africa in Ptolemy’s Geography and the location of his prime meridian. History of Geo- and Space Sciences, 2016, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 27–52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moreno A. Hieron: The Ancient Sanctuary at the Mouth of the Black Sea // Hesperia. 2007. V. 77. № 4. P. 655–709.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moreno A. Hieron: The ancient sanctuary at the mouth of the Black Sea. Hesperia, 2007, vol. 77(4), pp. 655–709.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neugebauer O. A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy. Pt. 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg, NY: Springer, 1975. LXIII + 1456 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neugebauer O. A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer, 1975. 1456 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Podossinov A. Anonymi Periplus Ponti Euxini (2037) // Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker. P. V / Gehrke H.-J. (Ed.). Brill, 2011 URL. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1163/1873-5363_jcv_a2037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podossinov A. Anonymi Periplus Ponti Euxini (2037). In Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker Part V. Gehrke H.-J., Maier F., Eds. Brill, 2011. doi 10.1163/1873-5363_jcv_a2037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roller D.W. Eratosthenes’ Geography. Fragments Collected and Translated, with Commentary and Additional Material. Princeton / Oxford: Univ. Press, 2010. XVI + 304 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roller D.W. Eratosthenes’ Geography: Fragments Collected and Translated, with Commentary and Additional Material. Princeton/Oxford: Princeton Univ. Press, 2010. 304 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shcheglov D.A. The Accuracy of Ancient Cartography Reassessed: the Longitude Error in Ptolemy’s Map // Isis. 2016. № 107 (4). P. 687–706.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcheglov D.A. The accuracy of ancient cartography reassessed: the longitude error in Ptolemy’s map. Isis, 2016, vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 687–706.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shcheglov D.A. Georeferencing the Unidentified Places in Ptolemy’s Geography: Some Methodological Pitfalls // Proceedings of the 13th Conference of the International Cartographic Association Commission on Cartographic Heritage into the Digital. Digital Approaches to Cartographic Heritage (Madrid 18–20 April 2018) / Boutoura Ch., Tsorlini A. (Eds.). Thessaloniki: AUTH CartoGeoLab, 2018. P. 153–163.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcheglov D.A. Georeferencing the unidentified places in Ptolemy’s Geography: some methodological pitfalls. In Proc. 13th Conf. of the Int. Cartographic Association Commission on Cartographic Heritage into the Digital. Digital Approaches to Cartographic Heritage. Madrid, 18–20 April 2018. Boutoura Ch., Tsorlini A., Eds. Thessaloniki: AUTH CartoGeoLab, 2018, pp. 153–163.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shcheglov D.A. The Length of Coastlines in Ptolemy’s Geography and in Ancient Periploi // History of Geo and Space Sciences. 2018. V. 9. № 1. P. 9–24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcheglov D.A. The length of coastlines in Ptolemy’s Geography and in ancient periploi. History of Geo and Space Sciences, 2018, vol. 9 (1), pp. 9–24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strabons Geographika: mit Übersetzung und Kommentar. V. 1–10 / Radt S. (Ed.). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck &amp; Ruprecht, 2003–2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strabons Geographika: mit Übersetzung und Kommentar, 10 vols. Radt S., Ed. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck &amp; Ruprecht, 2003–2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Urueña Alonso J. El método cartográfico de Ptolomeo: análisis del sistema de localización utilizado en la Geographia para la ubicación de las poblaciones del interior de la península Ibérica // Palaeohispanica. 2014. V. 14. P. 153–185.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Urueña Alonso J. El método cartográfico de Ptolomeo: análisis del sistema de localización utilizado en la Geographia para la ubicación de las poblaciones del interior de la península Ibérica. Palaeohispanica, 2014, vol. 14, pp. 153–185.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
