Spatio-Temporal Variability of Hydrochemical Parameters of the Iriklinskii Reservoir in Modern Conditions

The changes in the total mineralization, the content of organic matter and nutrients in the water of the largest Iriklinskii reservoir on the Ural River in 2010–2019 are shown. An analysis of the dynamics of surface air temperature and precipitation on the territory of the Orenburg oblast was carried out. The increase in winter temperatures contributed to the redistribution of the intra-annual water inflow to the artificial reservoir. Over the past decade, its share in the winter period has significantly increased by almost 2 times (from 6 to 15%), and during the flood, on the contrary, a slight downward trend was observed. Changes in the components of the water balance led to an increase in mineralization due to an increase in the content of sulfates, hydrocarbonates and the amount of alkaline elements. The decrease in the amount of precipitation in the region at the beginning of the 21st century was the likely reason for the decrease in the volume of spring floods and, as a result, the decrease in the concentrations of allochthonous organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, and silicon. The dynamics of mineral nitrogen largely depended on water content, and the dominant source in the genesis of phosphates was, obviously, intra-water processes. The iron concentration was determined by the magnitude of the flood inflow. The spatial dynamics of the ingredients is due to the morphometric features of the reservoir. The highest concentrations are noted in the upper reaches. The decrease in the content of the main hydrochemical components in the deep-water lower reaches as a result of intra-water processes indicates a high self-cleaning capacity of the reservoir. The results obtained can supplement the already known data on the functioning of aquatic ecosystems in different geographic zones under current conditions of climate change.

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