Socioeconomic Statistics of the Second Half of the 19th–Early 20th Century as Source for the Historical Economic and Geographical Zoning of Russia

The article examines historical and statistical sources abd analyzes the degree of study of the materials of socioeconomic statistics from the second half of the 19th–early 20th centuries. The author reviews scientific papers containing statistical data for the specified period, divided into thematic groups. The classification of historical written materials characterizing the development of the population and economy of rural areas, both for individual provinces and for the entire territory of European Russia, is given according to several principles (chronological, territorial-hierarchical, and problem-thematic). The author has developed an original classification of sources on socioeconomic statistics in accordance with their content and territorial coverage with the definition of such groups as cartographic materials, local history studies, archival documents, scientific papers and research, statistical materials containing demographic and economic characteristics, land use features; systematization as they arise for three periods has been carried out; on separate examples, various types of statistical materials containing demographic, social and economic characteristics are considered in detail, with a clear division into industries (agriculture, industry, the state of the population, characteristics of regions); sources in the form of office materials, various censuses, scientific works of a complex nature, complex works – statistical reports, statistical reference publications, statistical essays – descriptions of individual provinces, zemstvo surveys of peasant farms, etc. As a conclusion, the geographical information contained in the sources is divided according to the sectoral principle and the principle of territorial coverage (detailed comprehensive statistical characteristics, descriptions, statistical studies; statistical essays; economic and statistical research, and descriptions of individual villages and villages; materials from censuses, collections of information, collections of cartograms and diagrams, and address calendars). The article identifies possible prospects for the use of socioeconomic statistics in works on historical geography.

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