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Anthropogenic Influence on Protected Areas of City (The Case of Sevastopol)
https://doi.org/10.31857/S2587556624040064
EDN: RPRMNU
Abstract
Sevastopol is one of the leaders among the federal subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of the percentage of its territory occupied by protected areas. However, the largest protected areas are located in the sparsely populated periphery of the city. The environmental situation in the central, most urbanized part of the city is far from optimal. Here there are two protected areas: Ushakova Balka and Maksimova Dacha. They influence the significant anthropogenic impact, which is the subject of the study. As we consider it very indicative of the cities in the south of the European part of Russia. To assess the anthropogenic impact on the protected areas, we used the results of field work, a synthesis of literary and cartographic sources, and the analysis of satellite images. All this served as a basis for mapping the sources of impact and the network of roads and paths formed within the protected area. The entire spectrum of pollution has been analyzed: chemical, physical (radiation, electromagnetic, noise, light), biological, visual (video pollution). Chemical pollution affects the air, mainly from vehicles, soil and surface water, mainly from storm drains, and groundwater. Physical pollution is multifaceted: power lines dominate from all electromagnetic sources, noise comes mainly from highways, light occurs at night and is summed up from numerous sources along the periphery, considering the light dome over the city; at the same time, radiation is virtually absent. Biological pollution, including from transformer species, leads to a reduction in biodiversity and changes in natural communities. Visual pollution is considered on two levels: the distortion of the general panorama of the natural landscape and individual local areas. Spontaneous recreational pollution plays a special role. Its high level is facilitated by the location of protected areas within urbanized areas. The ever-increasing human influence continues to significantly change the natural complexes and, in some places, leads to their degradation. This leads to conflicts between environmental and recreational nature management.
Keywords
biological pollution,
visual pollution,
radiation pollution,
recreational load,
light pollution,
chemical pollution,
noise pollution,
electromagnetic pollution
Supporting agencies: The study was carried out according to the State Task FMWS-2024-0009 no. 1023032700199-9.
About the Author
I. F. Petrova
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Petrova I.F. Anthropogenic Influence on Protected Areas of City (The Case of Sevastopol). Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya. 2024;88(4):529-543. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S2587556624040064. EDN: RPRMNU
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