Transformation of Sectoral Structure of Industry on the Territory of Yaroslavl Oblast in the Middle of the 19th and the Beginning of the 20th Century: Historical and Geographical Analysis

The Yaroslavl region is a typical for Central Russia, but in its own way unique production and territorial system. The purpose of the article is to describe the process of formation of economic specialization of this territory based on the study of little known statistical historical sources and cartographic materials, considering the processes of zoning, historical and geographical features of the formation of the territory, economic and geographical, natural resource, and transport factors. The article shows the development of the sectoral structure of industry in the territory of Yaroslavl oblast since the middle of the 19th century, when the position of the region in the Central Industrial region was established. For the period from the middle of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, the development of the territory by new enterprises, the emergence of new industries, the development of factory and plant industry, handicraft (local) crafts at the level of the Yaroslavl governorate as a whole and individual counties are analyzed, as a result of these processes and the functional, sectoral and territorial structure of industry changes. The article defines the main historical and geographical features and stages of development of economic specialization based on changes in the sectoral structure of the regional economy: the formation of the industrial profile of Yaroslavl in the mid-19th century; the establishment of the textile specialization of the province economy, the development of trade routes, and the region’s major role in the transportation of goods across central Russia since the second half of the 19th century; the establishment of the territorial and sectoral structure of industrial production and economy with the development of the chemical and paper industries at the beginning of the 20th century, the development of agricultural (flax growing and horticulture) industries, the food industry (butter and cheese production, flour milling), complementing the economic profile of the province since the end of the 19th century; the enormous role of seasonal trade. The article reveals statistical and economic indicators that can fully characterize the development of the Yaroslavl governorate in the second half of the 19th—early 20th century. 

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