BIOENGINEERING MEASURES AT THE SOUTH OF THE AMUR-ZEYA INTERFLUVE

This paper presents the world historical experience of bioengineering measures and the modern practices. Methodological principles of the territorial organization of bioengineering measures, their ecological functions, the main landscape-ecological regulations in the territorial organization, including differentiated selection, analysis of the relationships between biotic and abiotic components of the landscape, understanding the role of the stows or their combination in the functioning of large geosystems (catenas type and river basins), are formulated. Analysis of ecological state of a territory and its degree of development is given on a case of study of the South of the Amur-Zeya interfluve (Amur oblast). Five landscapes are marked out and specific coefficients of their development are calculated: the Zeya-Bureya landscape – 0.79, the lower Zeya floodplain landscape – 0.67, the Blagoveshchensk landscape – 0.47, the Korsakov landscape – 0.39 and the Amur-Zeya landscape – 0.37. Five categories of environmental situations are marked out: crisis, critical, tense, conflict and satisfactory. On the basis of a series of thematic maps and analysis of natural conditions, as well as the degree of development and the ecological state of the territory, the key environmental priorities in the strategic planning of bioengineering measures are recommended. For the Korsakov landscape this is preservation of the floristic diversity. For the Amur-Zeya landscape these are reduction of risks of devastating exogenous geological processes, alignment of the water regime in watersheds, bioprotective functions for hunting, maintenance of the landscape mosaicity, and protection against forest fires. For the Blagoveshchensk landscape these are water conservation, reduction of risks of devastating exogenous geological processes (antideflationary measures and soil protection), and maintenance of the landscape mosaicity. For the Zeya-Bureya landscape these are anti-deflationary measures, soil protection, and maintenance of the landscape mosaicity. For the lower Zeya floodplain landscape these are maintenance and recovery of water regulating function, conservation of zonal and azonal species of flora and fauna against the backdrop of the highly disturbed landscape, anti-deflationary measures, soil protection, and maintenance of the landscape mosaicity.

modern practice of bioengineering measures, geoecological approach, territorial organization of bioengineering measures, economic development of a territory, strategic planning, environmental situations, landscape-environmental regulations, the South of the Amur-Zeya interfluve

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