Leitmotifs in Landscape Science
Abstract
We analyzed proceedings of the recent Landscape conferences, journal papers and monographies from 2010–2020s to identify priority theoretical and methodological guidelines and types of motivation for modern landscape research in Russia. The range of objectives for landscape studies is presented as two triads: “inventory—communications—forecast” (basic research) and “assessment—adaptation— planning” (applied research). We argue that current landscape studies follow nine leitmotifs: (a) geotopological “quasi”-determinism; (b) spatial structure and diversity; (c) intercomponent radial connections; (d) integrating and differentiating lateral flows; (e) sequence of states and evolutionary development stages; (f) landscape as a reactor; (g) self-development, self-regulation, self-organization; (h) emergent properties of a landscape; (i) landscape as a resource and provider of ecosystem services. For each leitmotif, a list of promising research questions was proposed. The distribution of interests of landscape scientists based on the materials of the 14th Landscape Conference showed that fewer reports follow the functional-dynamic and structural-dynamic domains (31%) than the structural-static and functional-static ones (69%). Studies of spatial structure are the focus of 59% of studies, while functioning 41%. The current stage of research is characterized by a transition: (a) from deterministic concepts to the concept of polystructurality; (b) from intuitive mapping to strict physical justification and formalization based on geomorphometry, remote sensing and field verification; (c) from revealing regular combinations of properties to statistical and physical models that allow predicting chain reactions and recognizing critical thresholds as a consequence of nonlinear effects in local responses to global changes; (d) from identifying the range and sequence of states of geocomponents to revealing the patterns of natural and anthropogenic changes in spatial structure, its self-organization and mechanisms for the development of emergent effects of interaction of geocomplexes.
Keywords
methodological setting,
geosystem,
structure,
connections,
flows,
dynamics,
evolution,
selforganization,
emergent properties
Supporting agencies: The research was financially supported within the framework of the State Assignment of the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University no. 121051300176-1.
About the Author
A. V. Khoroshev
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
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Khoroshev A.V. Leitmotifs in Landscape Science. Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya. 2025;89(4):497–512. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/911.52
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