MONGOLIAN “ODYSSEY” OF D.A. KLEMENTS: 1891–1896

In article, the author based on documents from archive depositories of Tomsk and Irkutsk, which are earlier not introduced for scientific use, and also little-known articles, letters and scientific reports of D.A. Klements, considers the poorly studied questions in scientific literature connected with the geographical researches conducted by D.A. Klements in Mongolia on the instructions of Academy of Sciences in 1891–1896. Methodological base of work is intellectual history based on studying of all aspects of history of ideas and interaction between such subdisciplines as history of natural, social and human sciences. Using this methodology the author has made an attempt to analyze and show through a prism of studying and assessment of forwarding work of D.A. Klements in Mongolia, how his scientific views on a number of the problems connected with geology and archeology of Mongolia, which had not been studied yet, and also on the system of studying of this region of Central Asia were forming. The author traces the aspects of D.A. Klements’ research works connected with botany, meteorology, glaciology and volcanology, and considers his newspaper journalism devoted to the Mongolian. His concrete contribution to geographical studying of remote and earlier poorly studied places, such as Khangai, the Gobi Altai, riverheads of Selenga River, including the topography and mapping the area, the analysis of its geological structure, and collecting fauna and flora, is estimated.

1. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Irkutskoi oblasti, f. 293, op. 1, d. 78.

2. D.K. A note from the road. Vostochnoe Obozrenie, 1894, no. 48, 2 p. (In Russ.).

3. Izvestiya Vostochno-Sibirskogo otdela Imperatorskogo Russkogo geograficheskogo obshchestva. Irkutsk: Tip. K.I. Vitkovskogo Publ., 1917. T. XLV. 1916. 359 p. (In Russ).

4. The study of Mongolia in the summer of 1891. Vostochnoe Obozrenie, 1891, no. 42, pp. 8–9 (In Russ.).

5. Klements D. A short report on the journey of D. Klements to Mongolia for 1894. Izv. Imperatorskoi Akad. Nauk, 1895, vol. III, no. 3, pp. 261–274. (In Russ.).

6. Klements D. Individual trip to Eastern Mongolia. Izv. Imperatorskoi Akad. Nauk, 1896, vol. IV, no. 1, pp. 41– 51. (In Russ.).

7. Klements D.A. Arkheologicheskii dnevnik poezdki v Srednyuyu Mongoliyu v 1891 g. [Archaeological Diary of a Trip to Central Mongolia in 1891]. St. Petersburg: Tipograf. Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk Publ., 1895. 78 p.

8. Klements D.A. Notes on extinct volcanoes in Khangai. Izv. Vostochno-Sibirskogo Otd. Imperatorskogo Russ. Geogr. Ob-va, 1897, vol. XXVIII, no. 2, pp. 157–159. (In Russ.).

9. Klements D.A. O lednikakh Mongolii [On the Glaciers of Mongolia]. Moscow: Protokol Publ., 1897. 16 p.

10. Klements D.A. Letters from the road. Vostochnoe Obozrenie, 1894. № 69. 3 p. № 71. 4 p. № 81. Pp. 2–3. № 87. Pp. 2–3, 105. 3 p.; 1895. № 99. Pp. 2–3. № 121. 2 p. № 147. Pp. 2–3. № 150. Pp. 2–3; 1896. № 6. Pp. 2–3. № 8. Pp. 2. (In Russ.).

11. Klyashtornyi S.G. D.A. Klements and the discovery of monuments of ancient Turkic script. In Pigmalion muzeynogo dela v Rossii (K 150-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya D.A. Klementsa) [Pygmalion of Museum Affairs in Russia (To the D.A. Klemenets 150th Anniversary)]. St. Petersburg: Lan’ Publ., 1998, pp. 139–147. (In Russ.).

12. Murzaev Ye.M. Geograficheskie issledovaniya Mongolskoi Narodnoi Respubliki [Geographical Studies of the Mongolian People’s Republic]. Moscow: Izd-vo Akademii Nauk, 1948. 208 p.

13. Murzaev Ye.M. Gody iskanii v Azii [Years of Searching in Asia]. Moscow: Mysl’ Publ., 1973. 398 p.

14. Scientific activity of the East Siberian Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society for 1895. Izv. Vostochno-Sibirskogo Otd. Imperatorskogo Russ. Geogr. Ob-va, 1916, vol. XXVII, no. 2, 1896, pp. 42–60. (In Russ.).

15. Scientific activity of the East Siberian Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society for 1896. Izv. Vostochno-Sibirskogo Otd. Imperatorskogo Russ. Geogr. Ob-va, 1897, vol. XXVIII, no. 3, pp. 1–47. (In Russ.).

16. NB TGU ORKP. Arhiv G.N. Potanina, no. 1065. 17.

17. NB TGU ORKP. Arhiv G.N. Potanina, no. 1272.

18. Pis’mo D.A. Klementsa na imya akademika Radlova [Letter from D.A. Klements to Academic Radlov]. In Sbornik trudov Orhonskoi ekspeditsii [Collection of Works of the Orkhon Expedition]. St. Petersburg: Tipograf. Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk Publ., 1892, vol. 1, pp. 13– 23. (In Russ.).

19. Radlov V.V. Preliminary report on the results of the expedition organized for the archaeological research of the Orkhona watershed, equipped with the Excellence permission of Imperial Academy of Sciences. In Sbornik trudov Orkhonskoi ekspeditsii [Collection of Works of the Orkhon Expedition]. St. Petersburg: Tipograf. Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk Publ., 1892, vol. 1, pp. 1–12. (In Russ.).

20. Reshetov A.M. D.A. Klements and the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. In Pigmalion muzeynogo dela v Rossii (K 150-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya D.A. Klementsa) [Pygmalion of Museum Affairs in Russia (To the D.A. Klemenets 150th Anniversary]. St. Petersburg: Lan’ Publ., 1998, pp. 59–94. (In Russ.).

21. Information about the expedition of D.A. Klements to Mongolia in 1894 (From a letter to the ruler of the case on September 7 from Urga). Izv. Vostochno-Sibirskogo Otd. Imperatorskogo Russ. Geogr. Ob-va, 1894, vol. XXV, no. 2–3, pp. 126–129. (In Russ.).

22. Tokarev S.A. Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Klements (1948– 1914). In Otechestvennye ekonomiko-geografy XVIII–XX vv. [Domestic Economic-geographers XVIII–XX vv.]. M.: GUPI, 1957, pp. 244–251. (In Russ.).